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The Communes of Lombardy from the VI. to the X. Century: An Investigation of the Causes Which Led to the Development of Municipal Unity Among the Lombard Communes.Williams, William Klapp

History

The Communes of Lombardy from the VI. to the X. Century: An Investigation of the Causes Which Led to the Development of Municipal Unity Among the Lombard Communes.

Name: The Communes of Lombardy from the VI. to the X. Century: An Investigation of the Causes Which Led to the Development of Municipal Unity Among the Lombard Communes.
Author: Williams, William Klapp

Williams, William Klapp

Local government -- Italy -- Lombardy; Lombardy (Italy) -- History

[41:] In illustration of this fact I will cite the names of some of
the various taxes, dues and privileges, mention of which is found in
the old documents. The feudal character of these will be apparent to
the reader. Following the rough division indicated in the text, we
have:

I. Under heading "_Fines and Forfeitures_":

  1. Forfaturae:
        Forisfacturae,
        Multae (Mulcte),
        Freda,
     _e.g_. Leudis (Leudum) for homicide.
     Penalties and compositions for crime.

  2. Scadentiae:
        Excadentia,
        Bona caduca.
     _Publicum_ falls heir to various classes of individuals. Cf. Leg.
        _Rhotari_, No. 158 et al.

  3. Lagan (Laganum).
     Seizure of shipwrecked goods by the state. Examples more
       common after year 1000 A. D.

II. Under the head of "_Taxes and Privileges_":

  1. _Onera Publica_, or Angariae (Perangariae), Factiones publicae.
     _a_. Heribannum: Penalty for avoidance of military service.
          Cf. _Charlemagne_, Leges, No. 23 et al.
     _b_. Heribergum: Hospitality to _Missi_ of emperor or king. Cf.
          _Charlemagne_, Leges, No. 128 et al.
     _c_. Mansionaticum (Mansiones, Evectio): Lodging for king and
          his ministers.
     Conjectum was a pro rata tax on a district so as to meet the
       expense. Cf. _Lud. Pius_, Leg. Nos. 54, 24, et al. loc.
     Tractoria gave specification of what should be provided in each
     case. For Formula, v. _Marcolfo_, Lib. I.
     _d_. Veredi (Paraveredi): Horses and beasts of burden for king
       and ministers. Cf. in Capitular. Reg. Franc. saepe. Capit.
       _Lud_. II., Ad Missos, etc.
     Census vehicularius, fiscalis or publicus was post to carry, free
       of expense, king's letters, etc.
     _e_. Foderum (Fodrum): Support of a king and his army in
       passing through a district. Cf. many privileges and exemptions
       to different churches and monasteries. Articles of the Peace of
       Constance. Some privileges to private persons.

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Opening the text

The Communes of Lombardy from the VI. to the X. Century: An Investigation of the Causes Which Led to the Development of Municipal Unity Among the Lombard Communes.Williams, William Klapp

History

The Communes of Lombardy from the VI. to the X. Century: An Investigation of the Causes Which Led to the Development of Municipal Unity Among the Lombard Communes.

Williams, William Klapp

Local government -- Italy -- Lombardy; Lombardy (Italy) -- History

[41:] In illustration of this fact I will cite the names of some of
the various taxes, dues and privileges, mention of which is found in
the old documents. The feudal character of these will be apparent to
the reader. Following the rough division indicated in the text, we
have:

I. Under heading "_Fines and Forfeitures_":

  1. Forfaturae:
        Forisfacturae,
        Multae (Mulcte),
        Freda,
     _e.g_. Leudis (Leudum) for homicide.
     Penalties and compositions for crime.

  2. Scadentiae:
        Excadentia,
        Bona caduca.
     _Publicum_ falls heir to various classes of individuals. Cf. Leg.
        _Rhotari_, No. 158 et al.

  3. Lagan (Laganum).
     Seizure of shipwrecked goods by the state. Examples more
       common after year 1000 A. D.

II. Under the head of "_Taxes and Privileges_":

  1. _Onera Publica_, or Angariae (Perangariae), Factiones publicae.
     _a_. Heribannum: Penalty for avoidance of military service.
          Cf. _Charlemagne_, Leges, No. 23 et al.
     _b_. Heribergum: Hospitality to _Missi_ of emperor or king. Cf.
          _Charlemagne_, Leges, No. 128 et al.
     _c_. Mansionaticum (Mansiones, Evectio): Lodging for king and
          his ministers.
     Conjectum was a pro rata tax on a district so as to meet the
       expense. Cf. _Lud. Pius_, Leg. Nos. 54, 24, et al. loc.
     Tractoria gave specification of what should be provided in each
     case. For Formula, v. _Marcolfo_, Lib. I.
     _d_. Veredi (Paraveredi): Horses and beasts of burden for king
       and ministers. Cf. in Capitular. Reg. Franc. saepe. Capit.
       _Lud_. II., Ad Missos, etc.
     Census vehicularius, fiscalis or publicus was post to carry, free
       of expense, king's letters, etc.
     _e_. Foderum (Fodrum): Support of a king and his army in
       passing through a district. Cf. many privileges and exemptions
       to different churches and monasteries. Articles of the Peace of
       Constance. Some privileges to private persons.

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

The Communes of Lombardy from the VI. to the X. Century: An Investigation of the Causes Which Led to the Development of Municipal Unity Among the Lombard Communes.

The Communes of Lombardy from the VI. to the X. Century: An Investigation of the Causes Which Led to the Development of Municipal Unity Among the Lombard Communes.

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