The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English works — John Shaqi
The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English worksGower, John
General
The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English works
Gower, John
Poetry
3067-3425. HUMILITY. _The Three Questions._ There was once a young
and wise king, who delighted in propounding difficult questions, and
one knight of his court was so ready in answering them that the king
conceived jealousy and resolved to put him to confusion. He bade him
therefore answer these three questions on pain of death: (1) What is
it that has least need and yet men help it most? (2) What is worth
most and yet costs least? (3) What costs most and is worth least? The
knight went home to consider, but the more he beat his brains, the more
he was perplexed. He had two daughters, the younger fourteen years of
age, who, perceiving his grief, entreated him to tell her the cause.
At length he did so, and she asked to be allowed to answer for him
to the king. When the day came, they went together to the court, and
the knight left the answers to the maiden, at which all wondered. She
replied to the first question that it was the Earth, upon which men
laboured all the year round, and yet it had no need of help, being
itself the source of all life. As to the second, it was Humility,
through which God sent down his Son, and chose Mary above all others;
and yet this costs least to maintain, for it brings about no wars
among men. The third question, she said, referred to Pride, which cost
Lucifer and the rebel angels the loss of heaven, and Adam the loss of
paradise, and was the cause also of so many evils in the world.
The king was satisfied, and looking on the maiden he said, ‘I like
thine answer well, and thee also, and if thou wert of lineage equal to
these lords, I would take thee for my wife. Ask what thou wilt of me
and thou shalt have it.’ She asked an earldom for her father, and this
granted, she thanked the king upon her knees, and claimed fulfilment of
his former word. Whatever she may have been once, she was now an earl’s
daughter, and he had promised to take her as his wife. The king, moved
by love, gave his assent, and thus it was. This king ruled Spain in old
days and his name was Alphonse: the knight was called Don Petro, and
the daughter wise Peronelle. (3067-3402.)
Thus, my son, thou mayest know the evil of Pride, which fell from his
place in heaven and in paradise; but Humility is gentle and debonnaire.
Therefore leave Pride and take Humility.
My father, I will not forget: but now seek further of my shrift.
My son, I have spoken enough of Pride, and I think now to tell of
Envy, which is a hellish vice, in that it does evil without any cause.
(3403-3446.)
LIB. II.
1-220. SORROW FOR ANOTHER’S JOY. The next after Pride is ENVY, who
burns ever in his thought, if he sees another preferred to himself or
more worthy. Hast thou, my son, in love been sick of another man’s
welfare?
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