The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English worksGower, John
General
The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English works
Gower, John
Poetry
Thou sayest well; but I, who am of the school of Venus, know not much
of this high lore. Yet, as it is comprehended in a book, I can in part
show forth to thee how it is. (2401-2440.)
LIB. VII.
1-60. Thou hast prayed me to declare to thee the school of Aristotle,
and how Alexander was taught. This is not the matter on which we were
set to speak; yet since wisdom is to be desired above all things, I
will tell thee of that which Calistre and Aristotle wrote to Alexander.
There are three principal points of Philosophy: Theoric, Rhetoric,
Practic.
61-1506. THEORIC. The parts of Theoric are three: Theology, Physics and
Mathematics. The first treats of God and things spiritual; the second
of bodily things, such as man, beast, herb and stone; and the third has
four divisions, Arithmetic, Music, Geometry and Astronomy. (61-202.)
Aristotle taught this young king of the four elements and the four
complexions of man, of the principal divisions of the earth, and of the
fifth element, Orbis, which contains the whole. (203-632.)
To speak next of _Astronomy_, this Orbis is that which we call the
firmament, and in it are first the seven Planets, and then the twelve
Signs of the Zodiac, about each of which Alexander was taught in turn.
(633-1280.)
Nectanabus, teaching him natural magic, informed him of the Fifteen
Stars and of the stone and herb appropriate to each, by means of which
wonders may be worked. (1281-1438.)
The authors who taught this science of Astronomy were first Noë, then
Nembrot, and after them many others, but principally Tholomee, who
wrote the book of Almagest, and Hermes. (1439-1492.)
Thus these Philosophers taught Alexander in regard to that which is
called Theoric. (1493-1506.)
1507-1640. RHETORIC. Speech is given to man alone and he must take
heed that he turn it to no evil use. There is virtue in stones and
in herbs, but word has virtue more than any earthly thing. But the
word must not be discordant with the thought, as when Uluxes by his
eloquence persuaded Anthenor to betray to him the city of Troy. Words
are both evil and good, they make friend of foe and foe of friend.
For a true example of Rhetoric read how Julius and the consul Cithero
pleaded against one another when the treason of Catiline was discovered.
1641-5397. PRACTIC. This has three divisions, Ethics, Economics and
Politics. A king must learn the first in order that he may rule himself
in the way of good living, the second teaches him how to order his
household, and the third how to govern his kingdom. (1641-1710.)
1711-1984. The first point of Policy is TRUTH, which above all things
ought to be found in a king; and this is in part signified by the
jewels of his crown.
To show thee that Truth is the sovereign virtue of all, I will tell
thee a tale. (1711-1782.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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