The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English worksGower, John
General
The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English works
Gower, John
Poetry
Again we have _ete_, _gete_ (inf. and partic.), _begete_,
_forȝete_, _mete_ (meat), _sete_ (past partic.), kept apart
from _grete_ (great), _bete_ (beaten), _strete_, _tete_, _lete_
(_lǣtan_), _swete_ (verb, = sweat), _threte_, _whete_, &c.
It may be noted that _beȝete_ (subst.) belongs to the class
_grete_, _bete_, &c.
There is every reason to suppose that the same distinction
would hold with other endings, in the case of which no
sufficient rhyme-test is forthcoming, as _breke_, _speke_
(inf.), _wreke_ (inf. and past partic.), which have no other
words with _ę̄_ with which they could be rhymed, _eke_, _seke_,
_meke_, &c., all having _ẹ̄_.
On the whole we may say that this distinction is very carefully
kept in Gower’s rhymes, and must certainly indicate a difference of
pronunciation.
The adverb _wel_, also written _wiel_, has a double sound, as in
Chaucer, either _ę̄_ or _ẹ̄_, rhyming with _del_ (_diel_), _stiel_,
_whiel_, &c., and also with _naturel_, _Daniel_, and the substantive
_wel_ for _wele_.
_eg_ forms _ei_, which is often interchangeable with _ai_, as _seie_,
_leie_, _weie_, _aȝein_.
O. E. =i=. There is nothing in Gower’s rhymes to lend support to the
theory that _i_ from O. E. _ĭ_ in open syllables (i.e. before a single
consonant followed by a vowel), as in the past participles _write_,
_drive_, _schrive_, and the infinitives _ȝive_, _wite_, is of doubtful
quantity. The past participle and plural preterite _write_ have _ĭ_
and rhyme with _wite_ (know), while the infinitive _wryte_ rhymes with
_wyte_ (blame), verb and substantive: the infinitives _live_, _ȝive_,
_forȝive_ and the participles _drive_, _ȝive_, _schrive_, &c. rhyme
among themselves and not with _schryve_ (inf.), _alyve_, _fyve_: the
short vowel words _wile_ (verb), _skile_, _bile_ are separate from
_wyle_ (subst.), _whyle_, _ile_, &c. This would not be worth mentioning
but for ten Brink’s argument (_Chaucers Sprache_, §§ 35, 325), based on
the very smallest positive evidence.
_hire_ (_hir_) is used regularly for the personal and possessive
pronoun of the third person sing. fem. (= her), and never _here_, as is
Chaucer’s usage in rhyme.
_cherche_ is Gower’s regular form from _cirice_, but _chirche_ is
common in the orthography of the _Praise of Peace_, e.g. 197, 210, 225,
&c., beside _cherche_, 232, 254.
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