The Condition and Tendencies of Technical Education in Germany — John Shaqi
The Condition and Tendencies of Technical Education in GermanyChamberlain, Arthur Henry
History
The Condition and Tendencies of Technical Education in Germany
Chamberlain, Arthur Henry
Technical education -- Germany
In most of the remaining trade schools, instruction is pretty generally
given on week day evenings and Sunday mornings, the apprentices of guild
members paying no fee, a small charge being made for outsiders. The
support comes from city, state and guild in most cases. In the school
for masons however, there is a preparatory course and also a carpenters’
course, the whole covering a three years term. In this school the
instruction is thorough, covering plans, drawings and specifications;
stone, brick, and wood construction; foundations, arches, staircases,
roofs, and the like. Almost without exception in all these schools the
winter attendance is greater than that in the summer.
Certain individual schools throughout the Empire deserve special
mention, the Royal Fachschule of Iserlohn, the first in Prussia, being a
notable example. Here handwork is combined with industrial art adapted
to metal work. Boys who entered the trade were, in the early days of the
school, found to be in need of both theoretical and practical work, so
each has a place in the curriculum. The length of the course is three
years, covering the trades of designers, wood carvers, moulders,
founders, turners, chasers, engravers, gilders, and etchers. Here are
taught drawing in all its branches; modeling in wax and clay; history of
art and metal work; elements of chemistry and physics; mathematics;
German. Practical work in the department in which the student is
engaged, is given, the student stating on entrance what subject he
desires to take up. The time of instruction is from eight to twelve, in
the winter season, and from seven to eleven in the summer. The afternoon
session is from two to six. In the engineering trade school, three hours
per day are devoted to ornamental drawing, German, physics and
arithmetic. As the instruction is planned for working people it is
largely theoretical.
The Reimscheid school is of the apprenticeship order. Attention is given
the making of edge tools and such other implements as are manufactured
in the district. All students take drawing and design as applied to iron
work. They are made acquainted with the different kinds of iron work
that can be carried on in the home; are schooled in the use of the tools
made; learn regarding the markets at which they are sold, and the
various methods of their manufacture. Thus a general understanding of
the principles underlying his trade is given the boy and he becomes
acquainted with the commercial side of his calling while undergoing the
necessary preparation in manipulation. The theoretical work is given in
the morning and what shop practice is offered is in the afternoon from
two to seven. The tuition is twenty dollars per year.
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