[Footnote 5: In the Caves of Ellora, Br[=a]hmanism, Buddhism, and Jainism, may be seen in juxtaposition, proving that at one period, at least, they existed together, and were mutually tolerant of each other.] [Footnote 6: Their names at full are:--1. Rishabha; 2. Ajita; 3. Sambhava; 4. Abhinandana; 5. Sumati; 6. Padma-prabha; 7. Sup[=a]rs´va; 8. Chandra-prabha; 9. Pushpa-danta; 10. S´[=i]tala; 11. S´reyas; 12. V[=a]sup[=u]jya; 13. Vimala; 14. Ananta; 15. Dharma; 16. S´[=a]nti; 17. Kunthu; 18. Ara; 19. Malli; 20. Suivrata; 21. Nimi; 22. Nemi; 23. P[=a]rs´van[=a]tha; 24. Mah[=a]v[=i]ra, or Vardham[=a]na. The first of these lived 8,400,000 years, and attained a stature equal to 500 bows' length. The age and stature of the second was something less. The twenty-third lived a hundred years, and was little taller than an ordinary man. The twenty-fourth lived only forty years, and was formed like a man of the present day. The Buddhists hold that their Buddha Gautama was much above the usual height.] [Footnote 7: When Buddhism merged in Vaishnavism, its symbol of a wheel (_chakra_) was adopted by the worshippers of Vishnu.] [Footnote 8: The word T[=i]rtha may mean a sacred ford or crossing-place on the bank of a river, or it may mean a holy man or teacher.] [Footnote 9: This is by some interpreted to mean--Reverence to the creative energy inherent in the universe.] [Footnote 10: The actual colour of an ascetic's dress is a kind of yellowish-pink, or salmon colour. Pure white is not much used by the Hind[=u]s, except as a mark of mourning, when it takes the place of black with us.] [Footnote 11: There is also a very low, insignificant, and intensely atheistical sect of Jainas called Dhundhias. They are much despised by the Hind[=u]s, and even by the more orthodox Jainas]. [Footnote 12: This term, as well as Up[=a]saka, is also used to designate the Buddhist laity.] [Footnote 13: From the Sanskrit root, _yam_, to restrain. The Buddhists call their monks S´ramanas; from the root _S´ram_, "men who work hard at austerities," or Bhikshus, "mendicant friars." Their laymen are S´r[=a]vakas, like the Jaina laymen, but are also called Up[=a]sakas.] [Footnote 14: Also written Ap[=a]s´raya.] [Footnote 15: When so attired they may be called P[=i]t[=a]mbaras, or Kash[=a]y[=a]mbaras, though they belong to the S´vet[=a]mbara, or white-clothed party.] [Footnote 16: Dr. Stevenson conjectures that As´oka's famous edicts were similar proclamations, embodying all the commands and prohibitions of Buddhism and Jainism, engraved on stone to secure their permanence.] [Footnote 17: It is doubtless intended as a Jaina satire on the worship of deceased parents and ancestors enjoined by the Br[=a]hmanical system, and commonly practised by true Hind[=u]s.]