The stage of civilization has never yet advanced beyond the natural
capacity and capability of the people at any time. Whatever stage has
been reached in the world's progress in the past, it was in harmony and
corresponded with the degree of nervous culture that had been attained.
And just in proportion as the senses were developed, intelligence
and understanding advanced. The senses are the sole originators of
ideas. The collective experience and training of these senses becomes
the standard by which we may judge the height of knowledge any class
of people may have reached.
Nations kept pace with one another, copying from one another,
imitating or modifying or improving those things and conditions with
which they were brought in contact, whether by travel, commercial
intercourse, or war. All these means of communication served as
a means of exchanging ideas, of adopting, rejecting, or improving
whatever degree of civilization had been attained.
At no time has any individual, community, or nation been especially
favored by any supernatural endowment, influence, or miraculous
contribution towards their advancement. But each has always been
improved by the force, energy, power, of some individual or individuals
whose training and education has been such as to fit him or them to
concentrate and carry out the ideas that have perhaps been floating
for a greater or lesser time in the intellectual atmosphere. When
civilization has outgrown the swaddlings of the times, something
must yield. A change is sure to be effected. Although it may not
take place without a struggle, or at once, ultimately it will and
must attain the necessary accommodation.
Change or revolution has never yet taken place without some new ideas
having been evolved. Doubts have arisen, and processes of reasoning
have been set in motion, plans made, in order to upset the old ideas,
to replace them by the new.
New ideas and improvements ripen slowly. The minds of men are not
ready to receive and adopt them. Skepticism as to the existing state
of things makes way for the newer and advanced condition of affairs.
Our understanding and reasoning faculties are limited to the state
of progress and the steps that have been made in the advancement of
civilization. We may be a little before our time, but never very much.
We could never have had an electric light if Volta had not discovered
the battery. Nor would steam power be so generally used if the marquis
of Worcester had not had the idea suggested to him A.D. 1663 of a
way to drive up water by fire, etc.
Men must learn to know and understand that all knowledge, whether
belonging to mythology, idolatry, fable, romance, theology, philosophy,
or science--all rules adopted for our mode of conduct, either as
individuals, communities, or governments--are the products of the
brain, evolved by degrees by a perfectly natural process.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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