The vertebral column contains 26
The skull--cranium and face 22
The hyoid bone--bone of the tongue 1
Ribs and sternum, forming the thorax 25
The upper limbs--arms and shoulders 64
The lower limbs 62
Small bones, including the patella or kneecap,
to the number of 16
The organic constituents form about 33.3 per cent of the composition
of bone, while the remainder, 66.7 per cent, is inorganic matter;
as follows:
Organic matter (gelatine and blood-vessels) 33.30
{ Phosphate of lime 51.04
{ Carbonate of lime 11.30
Inorganic substances { Fluoride of calcium 2.00
{ Phosphate of magnesia 1.16
{ Soda and chloride of sodium 1.20
The mineral or earthy matter enters very largely into the composition
of bone.
A fibrous membrane covers bone externally, and is called
periosteum. The hollow bones contain marrow, composed of fat, 96 parts;
water, 3; connecting tissue, 1. Bones are supplied with blood-vessels,
which carry the nutritious fluid to them.
1. The master tissues. Primarily, it is the tissue, and not the blood,
that gets loaded with carbonic acid, the latter simply receiving the
gas from the former by diffusion, and the oxygen which passes from
the blood into the tissues being at once taken up in some combination.
2. Nearly one-half of the weight of the body consists of the skeletal
muscles, and about one-quarter of the total blood in the body is
contained in them.
3. The muscles are always producing carbonic acid (CO2), and when
they contract there is a sudden and extensive increase of the normal
production.
4. Oxygen is necessary for the life of the muscle; it is for the
nervous tissue, but for muscular tissue especially.
5. When venous blood, instead of arterial, is sent through the
blood-vessel of a muscle, the irritability speedily disappears,
and unless fresh oxygen is administered the muscle soon ceases to
act and dies.
6. The oxidation power is determined by the tissue and by the tissue
only.
7. All the available evidence goes to show that oxidation takes place
in all the tissues and not in the adjoining blood.
The master tissues of the body are the muscular and nervous
tissues. All other tissues may be regarded as the servants to these.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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