(Signed) E. T. ROGERS. Early in October, A'ali Pasha arrived, to put in effect the sober second thought of the head of Islam. The manner and views of the Grand Vizier impressed me with profound respect and sympathy--his proffers seemed to me reasonable, and likely to assure to the Cretans a substantial liberty and reform. But they were too shrewd not to see that the ablest man in the Turkish empire had only come to Crete to try the last resort of his persuasion, because his case was nearly hopeless, and simultaneously with his arrival came stimulating despatches from the Russian agents, encouraging the Cretans to hold out and strike now the final blow at the Turkish domination. They were assured by these despatches in the most positive terms that if they withstood this temptation, and refused all the conciliatory propositions of A'ali Pasha, their independence and annexation to Greece were certain. I feel confident that but for these assurances the scheme of A'ali Pasha would have been accepted, for the island was harrowed and ravaged and miserable to the last degree. The campaign of Omar Pasha had destroyed, according to the declaration of a European officer engaged, six hundred villages. Except in Sitia, the extreme eastern peninsula, there was hardly a house with its roof on, and the people had no means to provide new rafters. The discouragement was great, and required as counterpoise all the confident promises of Russia and the means and appliances of Greece to induce the people to decide to keep up the resistance. My own opinion was that the Cretans had better accept A'ali Pasha's propositions, but our minister at Constantinople wrote me to urge their rejection with all my influence, as the certain condition of independence. I do not believe that our Government had any part in these instructions or policy. Mr. Seward had at one time given me the fullest endorsement of my pro-Cretan views, and at another was ready, on the remonstrance of the Turkish minister, to recall me for having done what he approved both in myself and Mr. Morris, and abstained only on another application being made by the Russian Government. Being on the spot, and as well able to judge as any one, it seemed to me wisest for the Cretans to accept autonomy and peace, but I obeyed the instructions sent me against my own feelings. I communicated the advices of my minister to those whose business it was to advise the insurgents. I felt a confidence in A'ali Pasha which no other Turkish official had ever inspired me with, and a certainty that he would act in good faith. Humanity demanded peace in defiance of all politics.