Crime -- Great Britain; Criminal anthropology; Punishment -- Great Britain
If the street is a bad playground for the boy it is worse for the girl.
She runs greater risks and her ignorance is as vast as his. When she goes
to work new perils beset her. Her choice of occupation is more restricted,
and her wages, though they may not be less in the first instance, do not
increase in the same ratio as she grows to youth and womanhood. Whatever
may be said for the higher education of women it is out of reach of the
many. Most girls have the idea that some day they will be married; and
they are often right. When this idea is present it is bound to affect
their actions. Marriage means for a man the holding on to his work; for a
woman it implies the giving up of her employment--at any rate, in Scotland
most men who marry try to keep their wives at home. Among the poorer
labourers this is not always possible; but it remains true that the great
majority of married women are not industrially employed. They have quite
enough to do at home, and sometimes more than enough; but the fact that
the home is to be their permanent sphere of work, or the hope of this,
makes many girls and women careless as to the choice of their occupation
meanwhile. It also prevents combination among workers, to a large extent,
and tends to keep wages low. How some of them live on their earnings is a
mystery, but they do; and keep themselves in a condition of health and
fitness which will compare favourably with that of many of the scientific
people who prove by figures and standards that they don't. There is grave
risk in it, however; risk that they should not be asked to run. If they
were not members of a family, each contributing earnings to a common pool,
and each undertaking a share of the household work, many could not exist
on the wages they receive. That any large number of them are directly
driven to the street by the low rate of their wages is not, in my
experience, true.
Complaints have been made that the children of well-to-do people accept
lower wages and make it hard for those who have to earn their living to
obtain reasonable pay. This may be true in a few cases, but it is not of
general application. These people do not compete at all in many
occupations; their parents are not foolish enough to let them do much for
nothing; but they do sometimes exercise an injurious influence on the
other girls by their presence. Girls are at least as vain of their
appearance as lads, and they are quite as much given to personal
adornment. Indeed, I think men will readily admit that women pay more
attention to their dress and are keener on ornaments than they are.
Certainly when one gets a new kind of hat-pin or "charm," others must
obtain something to balance it. If a girl has a fund to draw upon apart
from her earnings she is likely to dress more expensively than her
neighbours, and the weaker sisters are sometimes tempted to adopt
extraordinary measures to keep pace with her.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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