Crime -- Great Britain; Criminal anthropology; Punishment -- Great Britain
In a neighbouring country lately the question of compulsory treatment was
raised. All the information I have with regard to it has been obtained
from the statements, official and otherwise, which have been published.
These statements may have been imperfect, but only from them can the
public form an opinion, The statements contradict each other, and as they
refer to incidents which took place in a prison--a place to which ordinary
members of the public have no access--they are bound to leave an uneasy
feeling in the mind of the impartial observer.
Certain women, impelled by the desire to advance a political measure,
engaged in conduct which brought them into conflict with the authorities.
It was claimed on their behalf that they had committed a political
offence, and in that respect differed from other criminals; but all
offences are political offences. Whether a woman strikes a man because she
is angry with him, or because she is angry with a Cabinet Minister whom
she does not know, she commits an assault which is a crime in the eyes of
the law. Her motive may differ in the one case from the other, but its
issue has no difference; and in both cases, in so far as the State takes
notice of it, it is a political offence. Distinctions between offences can
only end in confusion; distinctions between offenders have never been
sufficiently recognised; and no real progress can ever be made in the
treatment of the criminal until the differences between one person and
another are taken into account. There can be no question that in
character, in training, and in their previous history, these women
differed widely from the ordinary prisoner, and all the trouble which
resulted was due to the failure of those in authority to act upon their
knowledge of this fact. That the conduct for which many of the women were
sent to prison was unreasonable, few will deny; but it was no more
unreasonable than the treatment they received. If they behaved like mad
people, so did the officials.
The only way in which one person can show greater wisdom than another is
by conduct. If the women were hysterical, the officials did not exactly
shine as examples of calmness. The highly strung person who glories in
what she believes to be martyrdom, who sees everything in the light of her
own ideals, is not likely to be brought to another frame of mind by
receiving the treatment which she regards as persecution. These women had
made it necessary that they should be restrained from annoying others by
their conduct; but it mattered nothing to the public that they should be
restrained in a certain way; what did matter was that the nuisance should
be effectively stopped. That the method of dealing with them increased the
trouble is beyond question; and there is no justification for interference
with anybody except in so far as the method adopted has the result
desired.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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