The Criticism of the Fourth Gospel: Eight Lectures on the Morse Foundation, Delivered in the Union Seminary, New York in October and November 1904Sanday, W. (William)
Religion
The Criticism of the Fourth Gospel: Eight Lectures on the Morse Foundation, Delivered in the Union Seminary, New York in October and November 1904
Sanday, W. (William)
Bible. John -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
‘There is clearly involved a transcendental relation, which throws
into relief the high dignity of the Christ, and not a psychological
reality, of which one cannot see the possibility in respect to God.
The terms Father and Son are not here purely religious, but they
have already become metaphysical; theological and dogmatic
speculation has been able to take hold of them without greatly
modifying their sense. There is only one Father and only one Son,
constituted, in a manner, by the knowledge that they have of one
another, absolute entities the relations of which are almost
absolute[70].’
Perhaps this is a little exaggerated in the opposite direction to
Harnack. Still I believe it to be in the main right. The mutual
knowledge of the Father and the Son rests upon their essential community
of nature. But, having recognized this, M. Loisy goes on, with what I
cannot but think singular levity, to cast doubt upon the passage. He
regards the whole context in St. Matthew as a sort of psalm based upon
the last chapter (li) of Ecclesiasticus; and he ascribes it not to our
Lord, but to the tradition of the early Church.
This is far from being a favourable specimen of Biblical criticism. We
have only to set the two passages side by side to estimate its value. It
is possible enough that there are reminiscences not only of this, but of
other passages of Ecclesiasticus and of other books in the mind of
speaker or writer[71]. We might conceive of a defining phrase here or
there being due to the Evangelist and suggested by such reminiscences.
Or we might conceive of Christ Himself going back in thought (as well He
might) to the invitation of personified Wisdom. There would be nothing
strange in either supposition. The New Testament everywhere takes up the
threads of the Old, and is not confined to the Jewish Canon. But in any
case the materials thus supplied are entirely recast; and the whole
passage (‘Come unto Me,’ &c.) bears the inimitable stamp of one Figure,
and only one[72].
The truth is that in the Synoptic Gospels, as well as in the Fourth,
there is really a mysterious background, though we see less of the
attempt to pierce it. These simple-looking sayings are not so simple as
they seem. To take, for instance, one upon which we have touched, ‘he
that receiveth you, receiveth Me, and he that receiveth Me, receiveth
Him that sent Me.’ The words are almost childlike in their simplicity,
and yet they lead up to the highest heights, and down to the deepest
depths. No doubt we may rationalize it all away, if we please. We may
shut out the mystery from our minds. But we shall not keep it out for
long.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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