The Criticism of the Fourth Gospel: Eight Lectures on the Morse Foundation, Delivered in the Union Seminary, New York in October and November 1904Sanday, W. (William)
Religion
The Criticism of the Fourth Gospel: Eight Lectures on the Morse Foundation, Delivered in the Union Seminary, New York in October and November 1904
Sanday, W. (William)
Bible. John -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
Other portions of chaps. xviii and xix will come before us in other
connexions. The important passage xix. 34, 35 has already been discussed
in part, and we shall have to return to it later. The whole of chap. xx
is really significant for our purpose. It is a record of events that
immediately followed the Resurrection, and is told throughout from the
point of view of the disciples. The delicate precision of the narrative
is specially noteworthy in vers. 3-10, where again we have the unnamed
disciple in the company of St. Peter. The story is briefly told, but
there is enough detail to let us see the different characterization of
the two men. We shall not be wrong in thinking of the unnamed disciple
as the younger of the two, indeed in the first flush of youth. He is
fleet of foot and outstrips his companion; but he is also of a finer and
more sensitive mould, and when he reaches the tomb a feeling of awe
comes over him, and he pauses for a moment outside. The impetuous Peter
has fewer scruples, and he hurries at once into the tomb, and makes his
examination of its contents. The spell is broken, and the young disciple
also enters. I shall have a word to say later of the effect on both
disciples of what they see.
In the rest of the chapter the reader, with the author, is drawn a
little aside and allowed to witness the events one by one; first, the
appearance to Mary Magdalene, and then the two appearances to the
collected disciples, when Thomas is absent and afterwards when he is
present.
A like point of view appears in the next chapter. The narrator is
himself never far away from the events he is recording. Towards the end
of the chapter he is pushed forward into a prominence that is only
faintly disguised. In the scene on the lake there comes back to him the
feeling that had first passed through his own mind as well as those of
his companions. They did not recognize the figure that in the grey dawn
called to them from the shore. The instinct of love was the first to
awake that sensitive quick perception: the old parts are again repeated;
it is the unnamed disciple who speaks and Peter who acts. But the two
are friends; and presently, when Peter has been rather hard pressed by
his Lord’s searching inquiry and the prophetic forecast with which it
ends, a sudden impulse leads him to turn the conversation to his
companion. He would fain have the forecast extended to him. His
interest, or curiosity, is baffled by an ambiguous reply. And here, once
more, the writer steps in to prevent a wrong inference being drawn from
its ambiguity.
So far we have been following a series of passages which place us at the
standpoint of the disciples at the time of the events of which they were
witnesses. The writer for the moment revives in himself, or seems to
revive, the old impression. If it is not a spontaneous recurrence to the
past, it is at least successful in giving the appearance of spontaneity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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