The Cross in Ritual, Architecture and ArtTyack, Geo. S. (George Smith)
History
The Cross in Ritual, Architecture and Art
Tyack, Geo. S. (George Smith)
Crosses
Many other examples of wayside crosses are scattered up and down the
country, in a greater or less condition of preservation, some of them
being still tall and graceful structures. At Aylburton in Gloucestershire,
is the lower portion of a very substantial column, said by competent
authorities to form part of a fourteenth century cross probably designed
by some foreign artist. At Bromboro, in Cheshire, are the remains of a
cross, well illustrating the meaningless fashion in which some of our
ancient buildings are restored. It was at one time a tall cross of simple
design, standing at the top of a flight of nine steps; but the upper
member, the actual cruciform head, having been destroyed, a senseless
stone ball has been put in its place, and sundials affixed to the shaft.
At Burythorpe, in East Yorkshire, the head of what must once have been a
beautiful cross is preserved in the garden of a private house. It is
foliated, and of a singularly graceful pattern, but whether originally a
wayside, or a churchyard cross, it is impossible to say with any degree of
certainty. The East Riding has been specially unfortunate in the matter of
wayside crosses, of the many examples which it once could boast little has
been left but a number of stone sockets, so mutilated for the most part
that local tradition has forgotten their origin and purpose, describing
them as stone chairs, stone coffin heads, old fonts, and so forth.
[Illustration: BURYTHORPE CROSS.]
Several villages are happy in having preserved intact very beautiful
examples of the wayside cross, or scarcely less so in having found careful
and reverent restorers of them when in ruins. Gloucestershire has some
good specimens, as at Hempsted and at Clearwell. The former is a very
slender shaft surmounted by a cross of four equal arms within a circle;
the whole, save that the cross is of the Latin and not the Maltese type,
looking very like the cross-headed staff which formed the badge of a Grand
Master of the Templars. The Clearwell Cross, of the fourteenth century,
has the usual features of steps, square base or pedestal, and slender
shaft, but the elegant cross at the head is of bolder proportions than is
found in the majority of cases. A very similar erection is the White
Friars' Cross at Hereford, which can perhaps claim to be considered a
memorial cross, in that it was built by Bishop Charlton, or Cherleton
(1361-1370) at the time of an outbreak of the plague in the city. It is an
excellent example, with a base heraldically decorated and finished at the
top with battlements. The head has been restored. Another fine cross of
about the same date is at Headington in Oxfordshire; it is crowned with a
tabernacle, which is modern and not a good imitation of ancient work of
the kind. But one of the most imposing of our wayside crosses stands at
Stallbridge, Dorsetshire. It consists of three octagonal steps on which a
broad low pedestal is placed, from the centre of which rises a shaft with
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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