The wrought-iron girders, or trusses, are partly forty-eight and partly
seventy-two feet long, to span the avenues of those respective widths; the
principle of the construction is the same in each. The top rail (if it may
be so called) of the truss is formed with two pieces of [L section] iron
placed back to back [double L sections], and the bottom rail with two flat
bars [parallel flat bars], the total depth being three feet; at the ends
these bars are riveted on to cast-iron standards, and the intermediate
distance is divided into eight-feet lengths by other cast-iron standards,
to which the bars are also riveted, and thus a framework of rectangles is
formed. In the trusses forty-eight feet span there are, therefore, six such
divisions in the length, and nine in those of seventy-two feet span. These
are then divided in the direction of ONE of the diagonals by a flat bar
passing between and riveted to those forming the top and bottom rails. This
completes the constructional part of the truss; but to render the
appearance more uniform with that of the cast-iron girders, a flat bar of
wood (shown by the dotted lines) is made to form the other diagonal of the
rectangles.
[Illustration: DIAGRAM OF 48-FEET GIRDER.]
The trusses for a span of seventy-two feet are cambered or bent upwards
about ten inches, which both adds to their strength and improves the
appearance. The form and arrangement of these roof-trusses may be clearly
traced in several of the views of the interior which are presented to the
reader. The weight, when completed, of each of the trusses of seventy-two
feet span is about thirty-five cwt., and of those of forty-eight feet span
about thirteen cwt.
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