The great pride taken by the states in the Cumberland Road is brought
out significantly in the laws passed concerning it. Pennsylvania and
Ohio legislatures passed laws as early as 1828, and within three days of
each other (Pennsylvania, April 7,[30] and Ohio, April 11[31]), looking
toward the permanent repair and preservation of the road. There were
penalties for breaking or defacing the milestones, culverts, parapet
walls, and bridges. A person found guilty of such act of vandalism was
"fined in a sum of not more than five hundred dollars, or be imprisoned
in a dungeon of the jail of the county, and be fed on bread and water
only, not exceeding thirty days, or both, at the discretion of the
court."[32] There were penalties for allowing the drains to become
obstructed, for premature traveling on unfinished portions of the
roadbed;[33] for permitting a wagon to stand over night on the roadbed,
and for locking wheels, except where ice made this necessary. Local
authorities were ordered to build suitable culverts wherever the roads
connected with the Cumberland Road. "Directors" were ordered to be set
up, to warn drivers to turn to the left when passing other teams.[34]
The rates of toll were ordered to be posted where the public could see
them.[35] "Beacons" were erected along the margin of the roadbed to keep
teams from turning aside. Laws were passed forbidding the removal of
these.[36]
The operation of the Cumberland Road included the establishment of the
toll system, which provided the revenue for keeping it in repair; and
from the tolls the most vital statistics concerning the old road are to
be obtained. Immediately upon the passing of the road into the control
of the individual states, tollgates were authorized, as previously
noted. Schedules of tariff were published by the various states. The
schedule of 1831 in Pennsylvania was as follows:
TOLLS ON THE CUMBERLAND ROAD IN PENNSYLVANIA (1831)
Score of sheep or hogs .06
Score of cattle .12
Led or driven horse .03
Horse and rider .04
Sleigh or sled, for each horse or pair of oxen drawing the same .03
Dearborn, sulky, chair or chaise with one horse .06
Chariot, coach, coachee, stage, wagon, phaeton, chaise, with two
horses and four wheels .12
Either of the carriages last mentioned with four horses .18
Every other carriage of pleasure, under whatever name it may
go, the like sum, according to the number of wheels, and
horses drawing the same.
Cart or wagon whose wheels shall exceed two and one-half inches
in breadth, and not exceeding four inches .04
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