Among the moderns, the chief of the Abadian and _Azúrhúshangíán_ sects was _Azar Kaiván_, whose lineage is as follows: _Azar Kaívan_, the son of _Azar Zerdusht_, the son of _Azar Barzín_, the son of _Azar Khurín_, the son of _Azar Ayin_, the son of _Azar Bahram_, the son of _Azar Nosh_, the son of _Azar Mihtar_, the younger son of _Azar Sásán_, styled the fifth _Sásán_, the elder son of _Azar Sásán_, the fourth of that name, the younger son of _Azar Sásán_, the third of that name, the eldest son of _Azar Sásán_, or the second _Sásán_, the mighty son of _Azar Sásán_, or the first _Sásán_, the son of _Darab_ the less, the son of _Darab_ the great, the son of _Bahmán_, the son of _Isfendiar_, the son of _Gushtasp_, the son of _Lohrasp_, the son of _Arvand_, the son of _Kai Nishin_, the son of _Kai Kobad_, the son of _Zab_, the son of _Nauder_, the son of _Minuchehr_, the son of _Iraj_, who was of the lineage of Feridun, the son of _Abtin_, who was of the lineage of _Jamshid_, the son of _Tahmúras_, the son of _Húsheng_, the son of _Siamak_, the son of _Kaiomors_, the son of _Yásán Ajam_, of the lineage of _Yásán_, the son of _Shai Mohbul_, of the lineage _Shai Giliv_, the son of _Jaí Alad_, of the lineage of _Jai Afram_, the son of _Abád Azád_, of the lineage of _Mah Abád_, who appeared with splendor in the beginning of the great cycle. The mother of _Kaiván_ was named _Shirín_, a fortunate and illustrious dame descended from the lineage of the just monarch Nushirvan. Through eternal aid and almighty grace _Azar Kaiván_, from his fifth year, devoted himself to great abstinence in food, and watching by night. _Salím_ thus expresses himself: “Innate essence has no need of instruction; How could an artist produce the image in the mirror?” In the progress of his admirable voluntary mortification, the quantity of his daily food was reduced to one direm weight. On this point, the divine sage Sunái observes: “If thou eat to excess, thou becomest an unwieldy elephant; But if with moderation, thou becomest another Gabriel; If any person should give way to excess in eating, Rest assured that he is also vile to excess.” He abode in Khum during twenty-eight years, but removed in his latter days from the land of Iran into India: he remained some time in Patna, where, in the year of the Hegira 1027 (A. D. 1673), he took his flight from this lower elementary abode to the sphere of the mansions on high. Azízí observes: “Whoever is wise, esteems this mortal coil the obstacle to union with God: This life is the death of Durvishes: look on (the world of) reality as a friend.” He continued eighty-five years united to the elements of body, during which time he never desisted from the practice of austerities. On this subject Hafiz of Shiraz observes: