After this final feat of the old general it is sad to learn that his
master had not even yet learned to trust him. Four years later there was
a futile conspiracy against Justinian, and Belisarius was accused of
having known of it. He was disgraced, and put under ward for eight
months, before the emperor convinced himself that the charge was false.
Restored at last to favour, he lived two years more in possession of his
riches and honours,[14] and died in March 565. His thankless master
followed him to the grave before the end of the same year. On the 11th
of December 565, Justinian, after living more than seventy years, and
reigning for thirty-eight, descended to the tomb.
Footnote 14:
It is now fully recognised, as Finlay and Bury have proved, that there
is no truth in the legend that Belisarius was blinded, and became a
beggar crying to the people, _Date obolum Belisario_.
We have spoken of Justinian’s wars, of his buildings, of his financial
policy, of his ecclesiastical controversies. But for none of these is he
so well remembered as for his activity in yet another sphere. [Sidenote:
Legal reforms of Justinian.] It is by his great work of codifying the
Roman law, and leaving it in a complete and orderly form as a heritage
to the jurists of the modern world that he earned his greatest title to
immortality. This was an achievement of the first half of his reign,
carried out with the aid of the best lawyers of Constantinople, headed
by Tribonian, the able but greedy quaestor against whom the rioters in
the ‘Nika’ sedition had raged so furiously.
Roman law had hitherto consisted of two elements—the constitutions and
edicts of the emperors, and the decisions of the great lawyers of the
past. Both these elements were somewhat chaotic. Five centuries of
imperial edicts overruled and contradicted each other in the most
hopeless confusion; Pagan and Christian ideas were intermixed in them,
many had gone completely out of date, and new conditions of society had
made others impossible to work. Nor were the _responsa prudentum_ or
decisions of the ancient jurisconsults any less chaotic; in modern
England the difficulties of ‘case made law,’ as it has been happily
called, are perplexing enough to enable us to understand the troubles of
a Constantinopolitan judge, confronted with a dozen precedents of
contradictory import.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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