Grants of arms now begin to supply shapes of shields, and towards the end of the century printers' marks appear, although these last seem to be affected by a fanciful exaggeration. [Illustration: Add. MS. 15,477--date 1360.] As a case of recrudescence of old ideas we must refer to the instance of a bouche, in which to rest the spear, so early as 1360, in Add. MS. 15,477, in the British Museum (Hewitt, vol. ii, p. 231); indeed one is represented vastly earlier, in 1159, in the seal of Theodoric Count of Flanders, engraved in Oliver Vredius, p. 17 (see No. 46). Such shields are now very frequent, except upon seals, where they seldom occur; and the reason is, no doubt, that they would have interfered with the heraldic charges, which now begin to be multiplied. Heater shields, and sometimes pointed, just as they appear at earlier dates, are still continued; but in most cases, and especially towards the middle and end of the century, they become much more square and blunter at the base. Seals of the more important families are filled up with elaborate decorations--diapering on the fields, leaves and mantlings filling up the whole space, and supporting animals, finely and boldly designed, are introduced; and several concentric lines, differently ornamented, with quatrefoils, crosses, mullets, and stars upon these circular bands sometimes occur within the inscription. [Illustration] From about 1420 a custom began, and is occasionally adopted in the larger seals, to represent as scrolls those bands upon which the inscriptions of name and title, &c., were written, while the ends were ornamentally unfolded and loose. To show exactly what I mean I would refer to the seal of John de Clinton de Say, 1438, No. 54, engraved in _Archæologia_, vol. xxxviii, p. 272, and to that of Sir John Pelham, 1469. This is engraved in _Archæological Journal_, vol. vii, p. 323; the Sussex Archæological Society's vol. iii, p. 220; also in _Historical and Genealogical Notices of the Pelham Family_, privately printed in 1873 by the late Mr. M. A. Lower.