The region occupied by the stars always visible depends, of course, upon the latitude of the place. Taking Thebes, with its latitude of 26°, as representing Egypt, the area of stars always visible was about one-fourth of that visible to us, so that there would be a very sharp distinction between the stars constantly seen at night, and those which rose and set, the rising stars being regarded as heralds of the sunrise. It seems very probable that the circumpolar stars were quite early regarded as representing the powers of darkness, because they were there, visible in the dark, always disappearing and never appearing at sunrise. If that were so, no doubt prayers would be as necessary to propitiate them as those powers or gods which were more beneficent; and, as a matter of fact, one finds that the god Set--identified sometimes with Typhon, Anubis, and Tebha--was amongst the greatest gods of ancient Egypt. [Illustration: VARIOUS FORMS OF ANUBIS.] The female form of Typhon--his wife--was called Taurt or Thoueris, represented generally as a hippopotamus. [Illustration: FORMS OF TYPHON.] It is probable that the crocodile was a variant of the hippopotamus in some nomes, both having reference to our modern constellation Draco. If we return for a moment to the zodiac of Denderah, we find that the constellations which I indicated--the Thigh, the Hippopotamus and the Jackal--represent our present constellations of the Great Bear, Draco, and the Little Bear, which were all of them circumpolar; that is, they neither rose nor set at the time of the inscription of the zodiac of Denderah. It therefore will not surprise us, with the above suggested explanation in mind, to hear that the Hippopotamus was called the Wife of Set, the Thigh the Thigh of Set, and the Jackal the Jackal of Set. In the Book of the Dead, Chapter XVII., we read the following reference to some of the northern stars and constellations: "The gods Mestha, Hāpi, Tuamāutef, and Qebhsennuf are those, namely, which find themselves behind the constellation of the Thigh in the northern heavens." [Illustration: MESTHA. HĀPI. TUAMĀUTEF. QEBHSENNUF.] Again, inscribed in the kings' graves at Thebes we read: