PAGE Preface ix BOOK I THÉOPHRASTE RENAUDOT, PHYSICIAN, FOUNDER OF THE FIRST FRENCH NEWSPAPER Chapter I. Théophraste Renaudot, Physician, 3 Philanthropist, and Founder of the First French Newspaper BOOK II STATE OF MEDICINE IN WESTERN EUROPE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY Chapter II. Low State of Medical Affairs in 15 Germany at the Beginning of the Eighteenth Century Chapter III. Physicians who Attained Distinction 18 in Some of the Departments of Medicine during the First Half of the Eighteenth Century Chapter IV. Distinguished Swiss Physicians who 34 Played a Prominent Part in the Development of the Science and Art of Medicine in Germany Chapter V. The Earliest Publication in Europe of a 43 Systematic Treatise on Hygiene, Public Health and Medico-Legal Science Chapter VI. Two Eminent German Surgeons of the 48 Pre-Antiseptic Period Chapter VII. A General Survey of German Medicine 52 at the End of the Eighteenth Century BOOK III THE VIENNA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE Chapter VIII. Gerhard Van Swieten 59 Chapter IX. Anton Stoerck, Van Swieten’s 71 Successor, and the Progress of Medical Affairs at Vienna under the Management of Joseph II Chapter X. Prochaska, Hyrtl and Rokitansky, Three 79 of the Most Distinguished Teachers at the Medical School of Vienna during the Early Part of the Nineteenth Century BOOK IV MEDICINE IN ITALY Chapter XI. Baglivi, Morgagni, Scarpa, 91 Spallanzani, Tissot and Galvani; Italy’s most Illustrious Physicians during the Eighteenth Century BOOK V SMALL-POX, ONE OF THE WORLD’S GREATEST SCOURGES Chapter XII. Measures Adopted for the Control of 107 Small-Pox; Inoculation, Vaccination BOOK VI AWAKENING OF THE CHEMISTS, PHYSIOLOGISTS AND PATHOLOGISTS Chapter XIII. The English and French Chemists 119 Contribute Their Share toward the Advance of Medical Knowledge BOOK VII MEDICINE IN ENGLAND Chapter XIV. English Leaders in Medicine and 129 Surgery during the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries (First Group)