The Day of the Confederacy: A Chronicle of the Embattled SouthStephenson, Nathaniel W. (Nathaniel Wright)
History
The Day of the Confederacy: A Chronicle of the Embattled South
Stephenson, Nathaniel W. (Nathaniel Wright)
Confederate States of America -- History
Behind these carefully guarded words lay serious alarm, not only with
regard to the operations at the front but as to the composition of the
army. It had been raised under various laws and its portions were
subject to conflicting classifications; it was partly a group of state
armies, partly a single Confederate army. None of its members had
enlisted for long terms. Many enlistments would expire early in 1862.
The fears of the Confederate Administration with regard to this matter,
together with its alarm about the events at the front, were expressed by
Davis in a frank message to the Southern Congress, three days later. "I
have hoped," said he, "for several days to receive official reports in
relation to our discomfiture at Roanoke Island and the fall of Fort
Donelson. They have not yet reached me.... The hope is still entertained
that our reported losses at Fort Donelson have been greatly
exaggerated...." He went on to condemn the policy of enlistments for
short terms, "against which," said he, "I have steadily contended"; and
he enlarged upon the danger that even patriotic men, who intended to
reënlist, might go home to put their affairs in order and that thus, at
a critical moment, the army might be seriously reduced. The accompanying
report of the Confederate Secretary of War showed a total in the army of
340,250 men. This was an inadequate force with which to meet the great
hosts which were being organized against it in the North. To permit the
slightest reduction of the army at that moment seemed to the Southern
President suicidal.
But Davis waited some time longer before proposing to the Confederate
Congress the adoption of conscription. Meanwhile, the details of two
great reverses, the loss of Roanoke Island and the loss of Fort
Donelson, became generally known. Apprehension gathered strength.
Newspapers began to discuss conscription as something inevitable. At
last, on March 28, 1862, Davis sent a message to the Confederate
Congress advising the conscription of all white males between the ages
of eighteen and thirty-five. For this suggestion Congress was ripe, and
the first Conscription Act of the Confederacy was signed by the
President on the 16th of April. The age of eligibility was fixed as
Davis had advised; the term of service was to be three years; every one
then in service was to be retained in service during three years from
the date of his original enlistment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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