The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 1 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
General
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
37. And Posidonius continuing, and relating the riches of Lyernius the
father of Bityis, who was subdued by the Romans, says that "he, aiming
at becoming a leader of the populace, used to drive in a chariot over
the plains, and scatter gold and silver among the myriads of Celts who
followed him; and that he enclosed a fenced space of twelve furlongs in
length every way, square, in which he erected wine-presses, and filled
them with expensive liquors; and that he prepared so vast a quantity of
eatables that for very many days any one who chose was at liberty to go
and enjoy what was there prepared, being waited on without interruption
or cessation. And once, when he had issued beforehand invitations to a
banquet, some poet from some barbarian tribe came too late and met him
on the way, and sung a hymn in which he extolled his magnificence, and
bewailed his own misfortune in having come too late: and Lyernius was
pleased with his ode, and called for a bag of gold, and threw it to him
as he was running by the side of his chariot; and that he picked it up,
and then went on singing, saying that his very footprints upon the earth
over which he drove produced benefits to men." These now are the
accounts of the Celtæ given by Posidonius in the third and in the
twentieth books of his History.
38. But in the fifth book, speaking of the Parthians, he says--"But a
friend who is invited does not share the same table, but sitting on the
ground while the king reclines near on a lofty couch, eats whatever is
thrown to him from the king, like a dog. And very often he is torn away
from his feast on the ground for some trifling cause, and is scourged
with rods and knotted whips; and when he is all covered with blood he
falls down on his face on the floor, and adores the man who has punished
him as his benefactor."
And in his eleventh book, speaking of Seleucus the king, and relating
how he came against Media, and warred against Arsaces, and was taken
prisoner by the barbarian, and how he remained a long time in captivity
to Arsaces, being treated like a king by him, he writes thus--"Among the
Parthians, at their banquets, the king had a couch on which he reclined
by himself higher than all the rest, and apart from them; and a table
also was laid for him by himself, as for a hero, laden with all sorts of
barbaric delicacies." And when he is speaking of Heracleon the
Berœan, who was promoted to honour by that king Antiochus who was
surnamed Grypus, and who very nearly turned his benefactor out of his
kingdom, he writes as follows in the fourth book of his Histories: "He
also gave entertainments to the soldiers, making them sit down on the
ground in the open air by thousands: and the entertainment consisted of
large loaves and meat; and their drink was any sort of wine that could
be got, mingled with cold water. And they were waited on by men girded
with swords, and there was an orderly silence throughout the whole
company."
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