The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Philosophy
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
Then too, when any one is out of humour,
When he comes in she flatters him discreetly,
And kisses him, not pressing his mouth hard
Like some fierce enemy; but just billing towards him
Like some fond sparrow; then she sings and comforts him,
And makes him cheerful (ἱλαρὸς) and dispels all clouds
From off his face, and renders him propitious (ἵλεως).
65. But the ancients, who represented the gods under the form of men,
arranged all their festivals on a similar principle; for, seeing that
it is not possible to divert men from an eagerness for pleasure, but
that it is useful and expedient to accustom them to enjoy themselves
with moderation and in an orderly manner, they set apart certain times,
and, sacrificing first to the gods, they in this way permitted them
relaxation and enjoyment, in order that every one, thinking that the
gods had come among them, and were present at the first-fruits and
libations, might enjoy himself with order and decency. Accordingly
Homer says—
[Sidenote: FEASTS.]
There, too, was Pallas to partake the feast:
and Neptune, too, is represented thus—
The monarch of the main, a heavenly guest,
In Ethiopia graced the genial feast,
There on the world's extremest verge, revered
With hecatombs and prayer in pomp preferr'd,
Distant he lay:[22]—
and of Jupiter he says—
The sire of gods and all the ethereal train
On the warm limits of the furthest main
Now mix with mortals, nor disdain to grace
The feast of Ethiopia's blameless race.[23]
And if a man of more mature age, and devoted to wise and virtuous
pursuits, is present, they are ashamed to say or do anything
indecorous; as also Epicharmus says, somewhere or other:—
But when their aged superiors are present,
Young men should silent be.
Therefore, considering that the gods were near to them, they celebrated
their festivals in an orderly and temperate manner; on which account
it was not the fashion of the ancients to lie at their meals, but, as
Homer says,—
Feasting they sate;
nor were they accustomed to drink to the extent of drunkenness—
But when they'd eaten thus, and drank their fill,
Each to his room retired, not dreaming ill.
66. But the men of modern times, pretending to be sacrificing to the
gods, and inviting their friends and nearest kinsmen to the sacrifice,
vent imprecations on their children, and abuse their wives, and treat
their slaves with indignity, and threaten the multitude, almost
verifying the line of Homer:—
But now with speed let's take a short repast,
And well refresh'd to bloody conflict haste.
Nor do they ever give a thought to what has been said by the poet
who wrote the poem entitled Chiron, whether it is Pherecrates, or
Nicomachus, the teacher of rhythm, or whatever else his name may have
been:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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