The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Philosophy
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
But the mullet is attributed to Hecate as her fish, on account of the
common derivation of their names; for Hecate is called τριοδῖτις, as
presiding over places where three roads meet, and τρίγληνος, as having
three eyes; and also they provide her a banquet on the thirtieth day
of each month (ταῖς τριακάσι). And, on similar principles, they assign
to Apollo the fish κίθαρος, from κιθάρα (the harp); and the βόαξ to
Mercury, from βοάω (to speak); and the κιττὸς to Bacchus, from κισσὸς
(ivy); and the φάλαρις to Venus, as Aristophanes in his Birds says,
from the similarity of its name to the word φαλλός. And so the bird
called the νῆσσα (or duck), they call Neptune's bird; and the sea
production which we call ἀφυὰ, and others ἀφρύα, and which is more
generally called ἀφρὸς (foam), they also give to him; though they say
that this also is very dear to Venus, because she herself was born of
foam. But Apollodorus, in his books concerning the Gods, says that
the mullet is sacrificed to Hecate on account of the resemblance of
their names; for that the goddess is τρίμορφος, of a triple form. But
Melanthus, in his treatise on the Eleusinian Mysteries, says that both
the τρίγλη and the μαινὶς (or sprat), are sacred to Hecate, because
Hecate is also a goddess of the sea. But Hegesander the Delphian says
that the mullet is accustomed to be carried about in the Artemisia,
because it is accustomed diligently to hunt out and destroy the
sea-hares, which are poisonous animals; on which account, as it does
this to the great benefit of mankind, the mullet as a huntress is
considered sacred to the goddess who is also a huntress. And Sophron
has called the mullet "bearded," because those which have beards are
better flavoured than those which have not. And there is a place at
Athens called Τρίγλα, and there there is a shrine to Ἑκάτη Τριγλανθίνη;
on which account Chariclides, in his Chain, says—
O mistress Hecate, Trioditis,
With three forms (τρίμορφε) and three faces (τριπρόσωπε),
Propitiated with mullets (τρίγλαις).
127. And if the mullet, while alive, be choked with wine, and
then a man drinks the wine, he will no longer be able to indulge
in the pleasures of Venus, as Terpsicles tells us in his book on
Amatory Pleasures. And if a woman drinks this same wine, she never
becomes pregnant. Birds, too, are affected in the same manner. But
Archestratus, that very learned man, after he has praised the Milesian
mullet which are found at Teichius, proceeds to say—
If you at Thasos are, then buy a mullet;
You ne'er will get a worse, unless indeed
You go to Tius; but even those are fair:
But at Erythræ they are caught in shore
And are most excellent.
[Sidenote: FISH.]
And Cratinus, in his Trophonius, says—
And do not eat a red-flesh'd mullet hard,
Brought from Æxona; nor of any turtle,
Or mighty melanurus from those seas.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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