The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 3 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Philosophy
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
And that the word σταφυλὴ is used by Homer is known to every one. But
Plato, in the eighth book of his Laws, uses both βότρυς and σταφυλὴ,
where he says—"Whoever tastes wild fruit, whether it be grapes
(βοτρύων) or figs, before the time of the vintage arrives, which falls
at the time of the rising of Arcturus, whether it be on his own farm,
or on any one else's land, shall be fined fifty sacred drachmas to be
paid to Bacchus, if he plucked them off his own land; but a mina if
he gather them on a neighbour's estate; but if he take them from any
other place, two-thirds of a mina. But whoever chooses to gather the
grapes (τὴν σταφυλὴν), which are now called the noble grapes, or the
figs called the noble figs, if he gather them from his own trees, let
him gather them as he pleases, and when he pleases; but if he gathers
them from the trees of any one else without having obtained the leave
of the owner, then, in accordance with the law which forbids any one to
move what he has not placed, he shall be invariably punished." These
are the words of the divine Plato; but I ask now what is this noble
grape (γενναῖα), and this noble fig that he speaks of? And you may all
consider this point while I am discussing the other dishes which are on
the table. And Masurius said—
But let us not postpone this till to-morrow,
Still less till the day after.
When the philosopher says γενναῖα, he means εἰγενῆ, _generous_, as
Archilochus also uses the word—
Come hither, you are generous (γενναῖος);
or, perhaps, he means ἐπιγεγενημένα; that is to say, grafted. For
Aristotle speaks of grafted pears, and calls them ἑπεμβολάδες. And
Demosthenes, in his speech in defence of Ctesiphon, has the sentence,
"gathering figs, and grapes (βότρυς), and olives." And Xenophon, in
his Œconomics, says, "that grapes (τὰς σταφυλὰς) are ripened by the
sun." And our ancestors also have been acquainted with the practice of
steeping grapes in wine. Accordingly Eubulus, in his Catacollomenos,
says—
But take these grapes (βότρυς), and in neat wine pound them,
And pour upon them many cups of water.
Then make him eat them when well steep'd in wine.
And the poet, who is the author of the Chiron, which is generally
attributed to Pherecrates, says—
Almonds and apples, and the arbutus first,
And myrtle-berries, pastry, too, and grapes
Well steep'd in wine; and marrow.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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