The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 3 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Philosophy
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
13. "But they relate that about that time the Carians, being
overwhelmed with superstitious fears, came to the oracle of the god
at Hybla, and consulted him with reference to these occurrences; and
that Apollo told them that they must give a voluntary satisfaction to
the god of their own accord, to escape a more serious calamity,—such
as in former times Jupiter had inflicted upon Prometheus, because of
his theft of the fire, after he had released him from a most terrible
captivity. And as he was inclined to give a satisfaction which should
not cause him severe pain, this was what the god imposed upon him.
And from this circumstance the use of this kind of crown which had
been shown to Prometheus got common among the rest of mankind who had
been benefited by him by his gift of fire: on which account the god
enjoined the Carians also to adopt a similar custom,—to use osiers
as a garland, and bind their heads with the branches with which
they themselves had bound the goddess. And he ordered them also to
abandon the use of every other kind of garland except that made of the
bay-tree: and that tree he said he gave as a gift to those alone who
are employed in the service of the goddess. And he told them that,
if they obeyed the injunctions given them by the oracle, and if in
their banquets they paid the goddess the satisfaction to which she
was entitled, they should be protected from injury: on which account
the Carians, wishing to obey the commands laid on them by the oracle,
abolished the use of those garlands which they had previously been
accustomed to wear, but permitted all those who were employed in the
service of the goddess still to wear the garland of bay-tree, which
remains in use even to this day.
14. "Nicænetus also, the epic poet, appears to make some allusion to
the fashion of wearing garlands of osier in his Epigrams. And this
poet was a native of Samos, and a man who in numberless passages shows
his fondness for mentioning points connected with the history of his
country. And these are his words:—
I am not oft, O Philotherus, fond
Of feasting in the city, but prefer
The country, where the open breeze of zephyr
Freshens my heart; a simple bed
Beneath my body is enough for me,
Made of the branches of the native willow (πρόμαλος),
And osier (λύγος), ancient garland of the Carians,—
But let good wine be brought, and the sweet lyre,
Chief ornament of the Pierian sisters,
That we may drink our fill, and sing the praise
Of the all-glorious bride of mighty Jove,
The great protecting queen of this our isle.
[Sidenote: GARLANDS.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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