[296] Isidore Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, ‘Essais de Zoolog. Générale,’ 1841 p. 513. Other masculine characters, besides the horns, are sometimes similarly transferred to the female; thus Mr. Boner, in speaking of an old female chamois (‘Chamois Hunting in the Mountains of Bavaria,’ 1860, 2nd edit. p. 363), says, “not only was the head very male-looking, but along the back there was a ridge of long hair, usually to be found only in bucks.” [297] On the Cervulus, Dr. Gray, ‘Catalogue of the Mammalia in British Museum,’ part iii. p. 220. On the _Cervus Canadensis_ or Wapiti see Hon. J. D. Caton, ‘Ottawa Acad. of Nat. Sciences,’ May, 1868, p. 9. [298] For instance the horns of the female _Ant. Euchore_ resemble those of a distinct species, viz. the _Ant. Dorcas_ var. _Corine_, see Desmarest, ‘Mammalogie,’ p. 455. [299] Gray, ‘Catalogue Mamm. Brit. Mus.’ part iii. 1852, p. 160. [300] Richardson, ‘Fauna Bor. Americana,’ p. 278. [301] ‘Land and Water,’ 1867, p. 346. [302] Sir Andrew Smith, ‘Zoology of S. Africa,’ pl. xix. Owen, ‘Anatomy of Vertebrates,’ vol. iii. p. 624. [303] Sir J. Emerson Tennent, ‘Ceylon,’ 1859, vol. ii. p. 274. For Malacca, ‘Journal of Indian Archipelago,’ vol. iv. p. 357. [304] ‘Calcutta Journal of Nat. Hist.’ vol. ii. 1843, p. 526. [305] Mr. Blyth, in ‘Land and Water,’ March, 1867, p. 134, on the authority of Capt. Hutton and others. For the wild Pembrokeshire goats see the ‘Field,’ 1869, p. 150. [306] M. E. M. Bailly, “sur l’usage des Cornes,” &c., ‘Annal. des Sc. Nat.’ tom. ii. 1824, p. 369. [307] Owen, on the Horns of Red-deer, ‘British Fossil Mammals,’ 1846, p. 478; ‘Forest Creatures,’ by Charles Boner, 1861, p. 76, 62. Richardson on the Horns of the Reindeer, ‘Fauna Bor. Americana,’ 1829, p. 210. [308] Hon. J. D. Caton (‘Ottawa Acad. of Nat. Science,’ May, 1868, p. 9), says that the American deer fight with their fore-feet, after “the question of superiority has been once settled and acknowledged in the herd.” Bailly, “Sur l’usage des Cornes,” ‘Annales des Sc. Nat.’ tom. ii. 1824, p. 371. [309] See a most interesting account in the Appendix to Hon. J. D. Caton’s paper, as above quoted. [310] ‘The American Naturalist,’ Dec. 1869, p. 552. [311] Pallas, ‘Spicilegia Zoologica,’ fasc. xiii. 1779, p. 18. [312] Lamont, ‘Seasons with the Sea-Horses,’ 1861, p. 141. [313] See also Corse (‘Philosoph. Transact.’ 1799, p. 212) on the manner in which the short-tusked Mooknah variety of the elephant attacks other elephants. [314] Owen, ‘Anatomy of Vertebrates,’ vol. iii. p. 349.