[315] See Rüppell (in ‘Proc. Zoolog. Soc.’ Jan. 12, 1836, p. 3) on the canines in deer and antelopes, with a note by Mr. Martin on a female American deer. See also Falconer (‘Palæont. Memoirs and Notes,’ vol. i. 1868, p. 576) on canines in an adult female deer. In old males of the musk-deer the canines (Pallas, ‘Spic. Zoolog.’ fasc. xiii. 1779, p. 18) sometimes grow to the length of three inches, whilst in old females a rudiment projects scarcely half an inch above the gums. [316] Emerson Tennent, ‘Ceylon,’ 1859, vol. ii. p. 275; Owen, ‘British Fossil Mammals,’ 1846, p. 245. [317] Richardson, ‘Fauna Bor. Americana,’ on the moose, _Alces palmata_, p. 236, 237; also on the expanse of the horns ‘Land and Water,’ 1869, p. 143. See also Owen, ‘British Fossil Mammals,’ on the Irish elk, p. 447, 455. [318] ‘Forest Creatures,’ by C. Boner, 1861, p. 60. [319] See the very interesting paper by Mr. J. A. Allen in ‘Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoolog. of Cambridge; United States,’ vol. ii. No. 1, p. 82. The weights were ascertained by a careful observer, Capt. Bryant. [320] ‘Animal Economy,’ p. 45. [321] See also Richardson’s ‘Manual on the Dog,’ p. 59. Much valuable information on the Scottish deerhound is given by Mr. McNeill, who first called attention to the inequality in size between the sexes, in Scrope’s ‘Art of Deer Stalking.’ I hope that Mr. Cupples will keep to his intention of publishing a full account and history of this famous breed. [322] Brehm, ‘Thierleben,’ B. ii. s. 729-732. [323] See Mr. Wallace’s interesting account of this animal, ‘The Malay Archipelago,’ 1869, vol. i. p. 435. [324] ‘The Times,’ Nov. 10th, 1857. In regard to the Canada lynx, see Audubon and Bachman, ‘Quadrupeds of N. America,’ 1846, p. 139. [325] Dr. Murie, on Otaria, ‘Proc. Zoolog. Soc.’ 1869, p. 109. Mr. J. A. Allen, in the paper above quoted (p. 75), doubts whether the hair, which is longer on the neck in the male than in the female, deserves to be called a mane. [326] Mr. Boner in his excellent description of the habits of the red-deer in Germany (‘Forest Creatures,’ 1861, p. 81) says, “while the stag is defending his rights against one intruder, another invades the sanctuary of his harem, and carries off trophy after trophy.” Exactly the same thing occurs with seals, see Mr. J. A. Allen, ibid. p. 100. [327] Mr. J. A. Allen in ‘Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoolog. of Cambridge, United States,’ vol. ii. No. 1, p. 99. [328] ‘Dogs: their Management,’ by E. Mayhew, M.R.C.V.S., 2nd edit. 1864, p. 187-192. [329] Quoted by Alex. Walker ‘On Intermarriage,’ 1838, p. 276; see also p. 244. [330] ‘Traité de l’Héréd. Nat.’ tom. ii. 1850, p. 296. [331] ‘Amœnitates Acad.’ vol. iv. 1788, p. 160. [332] Owen, ‘Anatomy of Vertebrates,’ vol. iii. p. 585. [333] Ibid. p. 595.