5. The _Periœci_ are those who live under opposite points of the same parallel of latitude. They have their seasons of the year at the same time, and their days and nights always of the same length with one another, but the one’s _Noon_ is the other’s _Midnight_; and when the Sun is in the equinoctial, he rises with the one, when he sets with the other. Those who live under the Poles have no _Periœci_. [Sidenote: _Antœci._] 6. The _Antœci_ live under the same meridian, and in the same latitude, but on different sides of the equator; their Seasons of the year are contrary, and the days of the one are equal to the nights of the other, but the hour of the day and night is the same with both; and when the Sun is in the equinoctial, he rises and sets to both exactly at the same time. Those who live under the equator have no _Antœci_. [Sidenote: _Antipodes._] 7. The _Antipodes_ are those who live diametrically opposite to one another, standing, as it were, exactly feet to feet: Their days and nights, summer and winter, are at direct contrary times. The surface of the Earth is by some distinguished into _Climates_. [Sidenote: _Climates._] 8. A _Climate_ is a tract of the surface of the Earth, included between two such parallels of latitude, that the length of the longest day in the one exceeds that in the other by half an hour. The whole surface of the Earth is considered, as being divided into 60 climates, _viz._ from the equator to each of the polar circles 24, arising from the difference of ½ hour in the length of their longest days; and from the polar circles to the Poles themselves, are six, arising from the difference of an entire month, the Sun being seen in the first of these a whole month without setting; in the second two; and in the third, three months, _&c._ These climates continually decrease in breadth, the farther they are from the equator. How they are framed, _viz._ the parallel of latitude in which they end (that being likewise the beginning of the next) with the respective breadth of each of them, is shewed in the following table: _A_ TABLE _of the_ CLIMATES. CLIMATES _between the Equator and the Polar Circles._