The Deseado Formation of PatagoniaLoomis, Frederic Brewster
Science
The Deseado Formation of Patagonia
Loomis, Frederic Brewster
Paleontology -- Patagonia (Argentina and Chile)
From the foregoing chart and the comparative figures of the upper and
lower dentitions, the variety and at the same time the homogeneity of
the _Typotheria_ is evident. The gnawing front teeth resemble those
of rodents, especially in the genera where the enamel is lacking on
all but the front face, but this is entirely a parallelism and there
is no evident phylogenetic relationship. As to affinities with the
_Hyracoidea_, Sinclair[12] has carefully balanced them and finds so
little in common between the two groups that he makes them a separate
suborder. I find certain features in common, like the lophiodont
dentition with the tendency toward hypsodont incisors, the inflation
of the tympanic and the extension of this up into the periotic region,
and the general arrangement of the basicranial foramena. On the other
hand, there are also numerous features in common with the Toxodonts,
and several peculiar to the group, so that I would feel that all the
Notungulates are descended from the _Hyracoidea_, and this group has
developed its peculiarities in South America, retaining however a
little more of the hyracoid aspect.
[Footnote 12: Princeton Expeditions Reports, Vol. VI, p. 7, 1909.]
[Illustration: Fig. 24. Comparative series of upper dentitions of
Deseado and Santa Cruz Typotheria; _a_, Archaeohyrax patagonicus; _b_,
Hegetotherium mirabile; _c_, Prosotherium garzoni; _d_, Pachrukhos
moyani; _e_, Archaeophylus patrius; _f_, Interatherium extensum; _g_,
Protypotherium australe; _h_, Argyrohyrax proavus; _i_, Eutrachytherus
spegazzinianus—all natural size.]
[Illustration: Fig. 25. Comparative series of lower dentitions of
Deseado and Santa Cruz Typotheria; _a_, Archaeohyrax patagonicus; _b_,
egetotherium mirabile; _c_, Prosotherium garzoni; _d_, Pachyrukhos
moyani; _e_, Interatherium sp.; _f_, Protypotherium australe; _g_,
Plagiarthrus clivus; _h_, Eutrachytherus spegazzinianus; _i_,
Isoproedrium solitatium—all natural size.]
The _Archaeohyracidae_ are the most primitive of the Deseado forms, but
as all the families are already separated before this time the Deseado
genera can not be considered as the ancestral ones, though they seem to
have retained more of the primitive features.
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