The Development of Certain Tendencies in Modern Opera: Thesis for the degree of Bachelor of Music — John Shaqi
The Development of Certain Tendencies in Modern Opera: Thesis for the degree of Bachelor of MusicBrowne, Kathryn Eleanor
History
The Development of Certain Tendencies in Modern Opera: Thesis for the degree of Bachelor of Music
Browne, Kathryn Eleanor
Opera
Wagner laid down the theories but his imitators have failed because they
did not have his genius. Rimski-Korsakov is noted for his brilliant
orchestration and the ugly and cruel music leading up to his situations,
but he combines dignity and simplicity with realism and not with the
romantic. The protogonists of his drama are, the Russian people, and
that is the reason for the extended use of the chorus. There is no
central situation, as the people and one character, or sometimes two,
make up the drama. It is easy to omit or transpose a scene thus showing
the loosenes of the dramatic construction, which is a merit in a musical
play, for the composer can express the central ideas of the drama
without being bound hand and foot by dramatic situations. In the modern
music drama the orchestra expresses all that cannot be expressed by the
dramatic action and the singers. Rimski-Korsakov's is mainly a subjective
expression of composition, while Moussorgsky's orchestra is never
subjective, but always objective. Borodini's "Prince Igor" is a colorful
barbaric ballet while in Dargomysky's "The Water Sprite", "The Stone
Guest" there are interesting intermediary recitative sections, although
the recitative of "La Pskovitaine" is dry.
Xaver Schwarwenka'a opera "Mataswinthe" resembles those of Wagner of the
"Lohengrin" period. They are thoroughly modern. The muted horns in the
orchestra give dramatic expressiveness in harmony and the composer uses
the free arioso style. There is not the set form of the Italian school,
but the modern declamatory arioso, monologues and duets, discarding
recitative, and introducing massive ensembles with key complexity, but
never smothering them with the orchestra.
Balakirew and Borodini employ good airs, especially in the ballet, and
color their orchestra wonderfully. Cesar Cui used melodic recitative with
the interdiction of the repetitions of words, and there is an absence of
duets and trios and every piece of ensemble, and every one affecting a
definite and complete character. "Angelo" and "The Filibuster" are too
extreme, for the three acts of recitaive become monotonous. This school's
form is vague except for the audacious harmonization.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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