The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern TimesBiese, Alfred
History
The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern Times
Biese, Alfred
Nature; Nature in literature
Here too again it seemed to us as if the sun had first of all
attracted the light mists which evaporated from the tops of the
glaciers, and then a gentle breeze had, as it were, combed the
fine vapours like a fleece of foam over the atmosphere. I never
remember at home, even in the height of summer, to have seen any
so transparent, for here it was a perfect web of light.
At the Col de Baume:
Whilst I am writing, a remarkable phenomenon is passing along the
sky. The mists, which are shifting about and breaking in some
places, allow you through their openings, as through skylights,
to catch a glimpse of the blue sky, while at the same time the
mountain peaks, rising above our roofs of vapour, are illuminated
by the sun's rays....
At Leukertad, at the foot of the Gemmi, he wrote (Nov. 9th):
The clouds which gather here in this valley, at one time
completely hiding the immense rocks and absorbing them in a waste
impenetrable gloom, or at another letting a part of them be seen
like huge spectres, give to the people a cast of melancholy. In
the midst of such natural phenomena, the people are full of
presentiments and forebodings ... and the eternal and intrinsic
energy of his (man's) nature feels itself at every nerve moved to
forebode and to indulge in presentiments.
On the way across the Rhine glacier to the Furka, he felt the
half-suggestive, half-distressing sense of mountain loneliness:
It was a strange sight ... in the most desolate region of the
world, in a boundless monotonous wilderness of mountains
enveloped in snow, where for three leagues before and behind you
would not expect to meet a living soul, while on both sides you
had the deep hollows of a web of mountains, you might see a line
of men wending their way, treading each in the deep footsteps of
the one before him, and where, in the whole of the wide expanse
thus smoothed over, the eye could discern nothing but the track
they left behind them. The hollows, as we left them, lay behind
us grey and boundless in the mist. The changing clouds
continually passed over the pale disc of the sun, and spread over
the whole scene a perpetually moving veil.
He sums up the impressions made on him with:
The perception of such a long chain of Nature's wonders, excites
within me a secret and inexpressible feeling of enjoyment.
The most profound change in his mental life was brought about by his
visit to Italy, 1786-87. The poetic expression of this refining
process, this striving towards the classic ideal, towards Sophrosyne,
was _Iphigenia_.
Its effect upon his feeling for Nature appeared in a more
matter-of-fact tone; the man of feeling gave way to the scientific
observer.
He had, as he said (Oct. 30th, 1887), lately 'acquired the habit of
looking only at things, and not, as formerly, seeing with and in the
things what actually was not there.'
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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