The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern Times — John Shaqi
The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern TimesBiese, Alfred
History
The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern Times
Biese, Alfred
Nature; Nature in literature
More attractive are descriptions of the Rhine and Moselle, recalling
Ausonius, and due to love partly of Nature, partly of verbal
scene-painting. The best and most famous of these is on his journey
by the Moselle from Metz to Andernach on the Rhine. Here he shews a
keen eye and fine taste for wide views and high mountains, as well as
for the minutiæ of scenery, with artistic treatment. He also blends
his own thoughts and feelings with his impressions of Nature, making
it clear that he values her not merely for decoration, but for her
own sake.
He has been called the last Roman poet; in reality, he belonged not
only to the period which directly succeeded his own, when the Roman
world already lay in ruins, but to the fully-developed Middle
Ages--the time when Christianity and Germanism had mated with Roman
minds.
In his best pieces, such as his famous elegy, he caught the classic
tone to perfection, feeling himself in vital union with the great of
bygone centuries; but in thought and feeling he was really modern and
under the influence of the Christian Germanic spirit with all its
depth and intensity. His touching friendship with Radegunde is, as it
were, a symbol of the blending of the two elements out of which the
modern sprang. It was the stimulating influence of the noble Germanic
princess, herself Christian in soul, which fanned the dying sparks of
classic poetry into a flame.
Fortunatus stood upon a borderland. Literature was retreating further
and further from the classic models, and culture was declining to its
fall. In Gaul, as in Spain and Italy, the shadows of coming night
were broadening over literary activity, thought, and feeling.
It is a characteristic fact in Roman literature, that not only its
great lights, but the lesser ones who followed them, were
enthusiastically imitated. Latin poetry of the Middle Ages lived upon
recollections of the past, or tried to raise itself again by its
help; even so late a comer as Fortunatus became in his turn an object
of marvel, and was copied by poets who never reached his level.
It is not surprising that feeling for Nature shewed a corresponding
shallowness and lassitude.
Not only bucolic but didactic writing was modelled upon the classic.
Isodorus and Beda, in their works with identical titles 'concerning
the existence of things,' relied on Roman models no less than Alcuin,
who had formed himself on the pattern of Augustine's time in his
_Conflict between Winter and Spring_, as well as in many single
verses, directly inspired by Virgil.[36]
His _Farewell to his Cell_ caught the idyllic tone very neatly:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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