_Atoxyl._—The first drug to offer hope of cure was sodium arsanilate, atoxyl, which contains about 26% of As. This is best given in doses of about 0.5 gram (7½ gr.) in about 15 cc. of sterile distilled water intramuscularly. Several cases of optic neuritis were reported but the drug is still a standard treatment. We give the atoxyl at intervals of five days, Manson gives 3 grains every third day. Probably the best treatment is one in which three doses of atoxyl are followed by from 10 to 15 daily or every other day injections of 0.1 gram (1½ gr.) of tartar emetic. The course is repeated after an interval of three weeks. It is advisable to give a hypodermic of caffein a few minutes before the tartar emetic to lessen depression. Kérandel received the atoxyl-tartar-emetic double treatment and ascribed his cure to the tartar emetic. Tartar emetic is also given intravenously, 0.1 gram in 150 cc. water. Intravenous injection of arsenophenylglycin, in doses of about 1.0 gram. (15 gr.) intravenously has been highly recommended. Recent reports from German East Africa state that of 35 treated with this drug six died of the effects of the drug. Salvarsan and neosalvarsan have been used but apparently without particular success. A combination of treatments in which salvarsan, sodium salicylate and ethyl-hydrocuprein (a quinine derivative) have been used has been favorably reported by Morganroth where the action of a single drug was of little value. Very remarkable claims in experimental animals have been made for “trixidin,” a preparation of antimony trioxide which is given intramuscularly. Even inunctions with this preparation have been quite successful in curing infected mice. In larger animals abscess formation is an objection. Daniels has reported good results from the injection of oxide of antimony. The preparation used is Martindale’s injectio antimonii oxidi given subcutaneously in 30 minim doses (1/20 grain of the oxide). Masters gives this preparation intramuscularly and notes its greater efficiency than any other drug or combination of drugs. He gives 3/100 grain every other day until 40/100 grain has been given. If trypanosomes continue present he gives a .77 gram dose of soamin. Soamin is a drug similar to atoxyl but said to be less toxic. In the treatment of 18 cases of _T. rhodesiense_ infections Newham notes that tartar emetic alone was as effective as the combined treatment with atoxyl. He gave the tartar emetic injections twice weekly intravenously commencing with 1 grain and going up to 3 grains. An organic antimony preparation, “Stibenyl,” has been recommended. See kala-azar. Very favorable reports have been made from the use of galyl and ludyl, arsenical compounds.