A drug which is reported to have exceptional trypanocidal effect on animals infected with both human trypanosomes is “Bayer 205.” Dogs infected with the dourine parasite and showing oedema and eye symptoms have been cured by the injection of the drug intravenously. A dose of 0.5 mg. causes disappearance of parasites in mice. It is stated that the drug produces a protection against reinfection which lasts for months. BRAZILIAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS =General Considerations.=—In 1909, Chagas reported the finding of a flagellate in the intestines of _Conorhinus megistus_ or, more properly, _Lamus megistus_. He was also able to transmit the flagellate to laboratory animals and could culture it on blood agar. [Illustration: FIG. 33.—_Schizotrypanum cruzi_ in blood of child with acute type of Brazilian trypanosomiasis. (MacNeal from Doflein after Chagas.)] In investigating the matter of the importance of this flagellate, _Schizotrypanum cruzi_, in Minas Geraes, Brazil, where the above-named bug was present in great numbers in the cracks of the houses of the poor he associated this flagellate infection, which he at first considered trypanosomal, with a disease of the children of that section. The bug is a vicious feeder and, from its biting chiefly about the face, has been called barbeiro or barber by the natives. Both the male and female of _Lamus_ bite and can transmit the disease and although the parasite is not transmitted hereditarily the nymph is capable of sucking blood and becoming infected. [Illustration: FIG. 34.—_Conorhinus megistus_, the insect carrier of _Schizotrypanum cruzi_. (From Doflein after Chagas.)] It requires several months for the insect to go through the egg, larval and pupal stage to maturity. Some consider this bug to belong to the genus _Triatoma_. The insects may live for more than a year and tend to remain in the same house where they may have become infected but leave such house if it be abandoned by man. Brumpt thinks that the bedbug may also transmit the disease. A large proportion of armadillos in the endemic areas are infected with _S. cruzi_ but do not seem to be affected thereby. It has been suggested that this animal may be a reservoir of virus. [Illustration: FIG. 35.—_Schizotrypanum cruzi_ developing in the tissues of the guinea pig. 1. Cross-section of a striated muscle fibre containing _Schizotrypanum cruzi_: Note dividing forms. 2. Section of brain showing a _Schizotrypanum_ cyst within a neuroglia cell, containing chiefly flagellated forms. 3. Section through the supra-renal capsule, fascicular zone. 4. Section of brain showing a neuroglia cell filled with round forms of _Schizotrypanum_. (From Low, in Sleeping Sickness Bulletin, after Vianna.)]