The dialogues of Plato in five volumes, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Translated into English with analyses and introductionsPlato
PhilosophyPhilosophy
The dialogues of Plato in five volumes, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Translated into English with analyses and introductions
Plato
Dialogues, Greek -- Translations into English; Philosophy, Ancient
Some lesser points of the dialogue may be noted, such as (1) the
acute observation that Meno prefers the familiar definition, which is
embellished with poetical language, to the better and truer one (76
D); or (2) the shrewd reflection, which may admit of an application to
modern as well as to ancient teachers, that the Sophists having made
large fortunes, this must surely be a criterion of their powers of
teaching, for that no man could get a living by shoemaking who was not
a good shoemaker (91 C); or (3) the remark, conveyed almost in a word,
that the verbal sceptic is saved the labour of thought and enquiry οὐδὲν
δεῖ τῷ τοιούτῳ ζητήσεως, (80 E). Characteristic also of the temper of
the Socratic enquiry is, (4) the proposal to discuss the teachableness
of virtue under an hypothesis, after the manner of the mathematicians
(87 A); and (5) the repetition of the favourite doctrine which occurs
so frequently in the earlier and more Socratic Dialogues, and gives a
colour to all of them—that mankind only desire evil through ignorance
(77, 78 foll.); (6) the experiment of eliciting from the slave-boy the
mathematical truth which is latent in him, and (7) the remark (84 B) that
he is all the better for knowing his ignorance.
[Sidenote: _Characters of Meno and Anytus._]
The character of Meno, like that of Critias, has no relation to the
actual circumstances of his life. Plato is silent about his treachery
to the Ten Thousand Greeks, which Xenophon has recorded, as he is also
silent about the crimes of Critias. He is a Thessalian Alcibiades,
rich and luxurious—a spoilt child of fortune, and is described as the
hereditary friend of the great king. Like Alcibiades he is inspired
with an ardent desire of knowledge, and is equally willing to learn
of Socrates and of the Sophists. He may be regarded as standing in
the same relation to Gorgias as Hippocrates in the Protagoras to the
other great Sophist. He is the sophisticated youth on whom Socrates
tries his cross-examining powers just as in the Charmides, the Lysis,
and the Euthydemus, ingenuous boyhood is made the subject of a similar
experiment. He is treated by Socrates in a half-playful manner suited to
his character; at the same time he appears not quite to understand the
process to which he is being subjected. For he is exhibited as ignorant
of the very elements of dialectics, in which the Sophists have failed
to instruct their disciple. His definition of virtue as ‘the power
and desire of attaining things honourable,’ like the first definition
of justice in the Republic, is taken from a poet. His answers have a
sophistical ring, and at the same time show the sophistical incapacity to
grasp a general notion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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