An account of Time, and other things, they keep on a string or leather thong tied in knots of several colours. I took particular notice of small Wheels serving for this purpose amongst the _Oenocks_, because I have heard that the _Mexicans_ use the same. Every Nation gives his particular Ensigne or Arms: The _Sasquesahanaugh_ a Tarapine, or small Tortoise; the _Akenatzy’s_ a Serpent; the _Nahyssanes_ three Arrows, _&c._ In this they likewise agree with the _Mexican_ Indians. _Vid. Jos. à Costa._ They worship one God, Creator of all things, whom some call _Okæè_, others _Mannith_: to him alone the High-priest, or _Periku_, offers Sacrifice; and yet they believe he has no regard to sublunary affairs, but commits the Government of Mankinde to lesser Deities, as _Quiacosough_ and _Tagkanysough_, that is, good and evil Spirits: to these the inferiour Priests pay their devotion and Sacrifice, at which they make recitals, to a lamentable Tune, of the great things done by their Ancestors. From four women, _viz._ _Pash_, _Sepoy_, _Askarin_, and _Maraskarin_, they derive the Race of Mankinde; which they therefore divide into four Tribes, distinguished under those several names. They very religiously observe the degrees of Marriage, which they limit not to distance of Kindred, but difference of Tribes, which are continued in the issue of the Females: now for two of the same Tribe to match, is abhorred as Incest, and punished with great severity. Their places of Burial they divide into four quarters, assigning to every Tribe one: for, to mingle their bodies, even when dead, they hold wicked and ominous. They commonly wrap up the corpse in beasts skins, and bury with it Provision and Houshold stuff for its use in the other world. When their great men die, they likewise slay prisoners of War to attend them. They believe the transmigration of souls: for the Angry they say is possest with the spirit of a Serpent; the Bloudy, with that of a Wolf; the Timorous, of a Deer; the Faithful, of a Dog, _&c._ and therefore they are figured by these Emblemes. _Elizium_, or the abode of their lesser Deities, they place beyond the Mountains and Indian Ocean. Though they want those means of improving Humane Reason, which the use of Letters affords us; let us not therefore conclude them wholly destitute of Learning and Sciences: for by these little helps which they have found, many of them advance their natural understandings to great knowledge in Physick, Rhetorick, and Policie of Government: for I have been present at several of their Consultations and Debates, and to my admiration have heard some of their Seniors deliver themselves with as much Judgement and Eloquence as I should have expected from men of Civil education and Literature. The First EXPEDITION, From the head of _Pemæoncock_, aliàs _York-River_ (due West) to the top of the _Apalatæan_ Mountains.