The discovery and decipherment of the trilingual cuneiform inscriptionsBooth, Arthur John
History
The discovery and decipherment of the trilingual cuneiform inscriptions
Booth, Arthur John
Achaemenian inscriptions; Cuneiform inscriptions
_Raw._ ‘[Ego Darius, rex magnus, rex regum, Hystaspis filius
Arsamis nepos] Achaemenis rex gentium Persicarum; rex Persidis.
Darius rex [ ] dicit: mihi pater meus Hystaspes: pater qui
Hystaspis [Arsames: pater qui Arsamis] Ariaramnes: pater qui
Ariaramnis Teispes: pater qui Teispis Achaemenes. Darius rex [ ]
dicit: ob hanc [rationem nos Achaemenses appellamur ab antiquo
oriundi (?)] sumus; ab antiquo stirps noster reges fuere(?)
Darius rex [ ] dicit: octo e genere meo ante me regnum egere.’
_De S._ ‘[_Lacune_] Akhéménès roi des rois, homme perse, roi du
pays de Perse, Darius roi grand, dit: Mes pères, Hystaspe; le
père de Hystaspe [_lacune_] Ariaramnès; le père de Ariaramnàh
Chispis: le père de Chispis, Akhéménès Darius, roi grand dit:
Pour raison cette [_lacune_] au temps de nos pères nous avons
régné, au temps des pères notre race [furent] leurs rois. Darius
roi grand dit: Huit dans l’état de ma race, mes pères dans mon
visage [avant moi] la royauté ont pris elle (?) [_lacune_].’
_Bez._ ‘[Ich, Darius, der grosse König, der König der Könige,
der König der Länder (?)] der Achämenide: König der Schar (?)
der Menschen, ein Perser, König von Persien. So spricht Darius
der König: Mein Vater [ist] Uštazpi; der Vater des Uštazpi
[war Arshâma, der Vater des Arshâma] Ariaramna, der Vater des
Ariaramna Šišpiš, der Vater des Šišpiš, [war] Aḫamanis. So
spricht Darius der König: Darum [werden wir Achämeniden genannt;
von Alters her sind wir erprobt], von Alters her (?) waren unsere
Sprossen Könige. So spricht Darius der König: Acht in mitten
meiner Familie übten vor mir die Königsherrschaft aus.’
In the August of this year (1851) Rawlinson was able to announce that
he had met with an inscription that satisfactorily fixed the date of
the Lower Assyrian dynasty. We have said that this was in reality done
long before by Longpérier when he identified the Khorsabad king with
the Sargon of Isaiah (1847); and by Hincks, who was satisfied that
the builders of the later palaces were Sennacherib and Esarhaddon
(1849). But we have seen that Rawlinson long refused to recognise these
identifications as satisfactorily established. At length, however, he
found in a tablet from Khorsabad (Pl. 70 Botta) an account which he
acknowledged referred to the capture of Samaria by Sargon in the first
year of his reign; and he also succeeded in identifying ‘Omri.’[840] He
thought that Sargon, whose identification he acknowledged in his Analysis
of the Behistun inscription,[841] was the same personage as Shalmaneser,
who figures in the same inscription as the conqueror of Ashdod; and he
made out the names of other cities that fell before the arms of that
king: ‘Hamath, Beroea, Damascus, Bambyce, Carchemish.’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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