The dissolution of the monasteries : $b As illustrated by the suppression of the religious houses of StaffordshireHibbert, Francis Aidan
History
The dissolution of the monasteries : $b As illustrated by the suppression of the religious houses of Staffordshire
Hibbert, Francis Aidan
Great Britain -- History -- Henry VIII, 1509-1547; Monasteries -- England -- Staffordshire; Monasteries and state
The merely financial aspects of the problem can be investigated
with better prospect of success. Bishop Stubbs, with characteristic
caution, said that “the income from the monasteries cannot be stated
in reasonable figures”[2] and this is no doubt true if we desire to
estimate the whole extent of the wealth which passed from the Church at
the time of the Dissolution. Full details, especially of the valuables
in the churches and other movables, can never be obtained. But there
is a good deal of material for arriving, approximately at any rate, at
such things as annual income and expenditure, and if we can discover
those we shall obtain figures and facts which will be of great service
in many ways.
Many counties had far wealthier monasteries than Staffordshire.
The richest counties in England in this respect were Yorkshire and
Middlesex, but both of these are exceptional, the former by reason
of its disproportionate area, and the latter because it contains the
City of London and many of its suburbs. Somerset and Lincolnshire were
placed next by their trading centres, and Kent by its position on the
main road between the capital and the Continent. Of the remaining
thirty-four English counties (excluding Monmouthshire), Staffordshire
came twenty-fifth in monastic wealth, the following being poorer:
Durham, Cumberland, Northumberland, Buckinghamshire, Cornwall, Derby,
Hereford, Westmoreland and Rutland. The last-named possessed only a
single house.
Staffordshire, with a total monastic wealth of some £1,600 annual net
income,[3] comes in a group which includes the following counties:
Shropshire (£1,966), Lancashire (£1,698), Durham (£1,515), Cumberland
(£1,311) and Northumberland (£1,177).[4] It takes its comparatively low
position not because it possessed any houses of exceptional smallness
or poverty at the time the valuation from which the above figures were
taken (1535), but because all the houses were of moderate size without
there being any very wealthy abbeys to inflate exceptionally the total.
The richest house in the county, Burton Abbey, was only rated at £412
5s. net income.[5] On the whole the Staffordshire houses represent
the monasteries of average income, with no great and famous abbeys to
monopolise the attention and interest and to introduce exceptional
elements. The history of the suppression in Staffordshire will
illustrate the suppression of the ordinary religious houses. That of
the great and famous abbeys is well known, but it will be interesting
to see how the ordinary average houses fell.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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