2 480 Responds to human voice, cooing, and
vocalizes pleasure.
4 580 Vocal play. Eagerness and displeasure
expressed vocally.
6 660 Imitates sounds.
9 770 First word.
11 850 Imitates syllables and words. Second word.
13 930 Vocabulary expands rapidly.
17 1,030 Names objects and pictures.
21 1,060 Combines words in speech.
23 1,070 Uses pronouns, understands prepositions,
uses phrases and sentences.
[7]Lilly, John C. _Man and Dolphin: A Developing Relationship_. London:
Victor Gollancz, 1962.
[8]Boston Children’s Hospital data from 1,198 records, in Coppoletta,
J.M., and Wolbach, S.B., “Body Length and Organ Weights of Infants
and Children,” _American Journal of Pathology_, IX (1933), 55-70.
[9]Summarized from McCarthy, Dorothea, “Language Development in
Children,” in Carmichael, Leonard, ed., _Manual of Child
Psychology_. New York: John Wiley, 1946, pp. 476-581.
Table 1 shows relations between age, brain weight, and speech
performance, up to 23 months, 1070 grams, and the use of full sentences.
By 17 years, the brain reaches and levels off at 1450 grams and the
number of words, levels of abstraction, etc., are so large as to be
difficult to assess.
In these processes, what are the minimum necessary but not necessarily
sufficient factors?[20] On the biological side, modern theory
concentrates on two factors: total numbers of neurons and the number of
interconnections between them. On the psychological side, modern theory
concentrates on the numbers of occurrences of reinforced contingencies
experienced, the number of repetitions, and the number of adequate
presentations from the accepted set of the consensus known as “native
language,” and the total numbers of sets in the stored memories at a
given age. In addition, of course, is the adequate development of the
transmitting and of the receiving equipment needed for speech and its
ancillary behaviors.
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