THE DOMESTIC SLAVE TRADE OF THE SOUTHERN STATES BY WINFIELD H. COLLINS, M.A. _Professor of History and English in Claremont College._ [Illustration] BROADWAY PUBLISHING COMPANY :: AT 835 BROADWAY NEW YORK Copyrighted, in 1904, BY WINFIELD H. COLLINS, M.A. _All Rights Reserved._ TO EDWARD G. BOURNE, PH.D., _Professor of American History, Yale University_, AND TO THOMAS H. LEWIS, D.D., _President of Western Maryland College_, THIS BOOK IS INSCRIBED BY THE AUTHOR. PREFACE. When I began the study of the Domestic Slave Trade of the Southern States I had no idea of the conclusions as herein found. Especially is this true of Chapters III. and IV. I have spared no pains to be accurate in all statements of fact. The material for this work was collected in the Yale University Library in New Haven, Connecticut, and in the Congressional Library at Washington. The sources used are to be found in the appended bibliography. The most helpful were books of travel, newspapers and periodicals, Statistics of Southern States and the United States Census Reports. W.H. Collins. Claremont College, Hickory, N.C. February 22, 1904. CONTENTS PAGE CHAPTER I. A Sketch of the Rise of the Trade in African Slaves and of the Foreign Slave Trade of the Southern States 1 CHAPTER II. The Causes of the Rise and Development of the Domestic Slave Trade 21 CHAPTER III. The Amount and Extent of the Trade 36 CHAPTER IV. Were Some States Engaged in Breeding and Raising Negroes for Sale? 68 CHAPTER V. The Kidnapping and Selling of Free Negroes into Slavery 84 CHAPTER VI. Slave "Prisons," Markets, Character of Traders, etc. 96 CHAPTER VII. Laws of the Southern States with Reference to Importation and Exportation of Slaves 109 Bibliography 140 THE DOMESTIC SLAVE TRADE OF THE SOUTHERN STATES. CHAPTER I. A SKETCH OF THE RISE OF THE SLAVE TRADE IN AFRICAN STATES AND OF THE FOREIGN SLAVE TRADE OF THE SOUTHERN STATES. It is not our intention nor is it within our province to enter into details concerning the foreign slave trade. It seems, however, that a brief account is necessary as introductory to the subject of the Domestic Slave Trade. The rise in Europe of the traffic in slaves from Africa was an incident in the commercial expansion of Portugal. It was coeval and almost coextensive with the development of commerce, and followed in the wake of discovery and colonization.