The Earliest Electromagnetic InstrumentsChipman, Robert A.
History
The Earliest Electromagnetic Instruments
Chipman, Robert A.
Electric apparatus and appliances
[13] Some prominent examples of this brevity of treatment are in E.
HOPPE, _Geschichte der Elektrizitaet_ (Leipzig, 1884); O. MAHR,
_Geschichtliche Einzeldarstellungen aus der Elektrotechnik_ (Berlin,
1941); R. S. WHIPPLE, "The Evolution of the Galvonometer," _Journal of
Scientific Instruments_ (1934), vol. 7, pp. 37-43; WILLIAM STURGEON,
_Scientific Researches_ (Bury, 1850); A. W. HUMPHREYS, "The Development
of the Conception and Measurement of Electric Current," _Annals of
Science_ (1937), vol. 2, pp. 164-178.
[14] M. SPETER, "Klaerung der Multiplikator-Prioritaetsfrage
Schweigger-Poggendorf," _Zeitschrift fuer Instrumentenkunde_ (1937) vol.
57, pp. 29-32.
[15] T. SEEBECK, "Ueber den Magnetismus der Galvanischen Kette,"
_Abhandlungen der Koenigliche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin_
(1820-1821), pp. 289-346. The phrase "Schweigger's multiplier" is used
on page 319. The many experiments described in this paper added little
or nothing to contemporary appreciation of the multiplier as an
instrument.
[16] J. S. C. SCHWEIGGER, _Journal fuer Chemie und Physik_ (1821), vol.
31, pp. 1-18, 35-42. Pages 1-6 are the paper presented in Halle on
September 16, 1820; pages 7-18 are the paper presented in Halle on
November 4, 1820, and pages 35-42 are "a few additional words." The
preface to the whole volume is dated January 1, 1821. A somewhat earlier
public announcement referring to Schweigger's discovery appeared in the
_Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung_ (November 1820), no. 296, cols. 622-624,
but this was lacking in detail and seems not to have been noticed by any
scientists.
[17] P. ERMAN, _Umrisse zu den physischen Verhaeltnissen des von Herrn
Prof. Oersted entdeckten elektro-chemischen Magnetismus_ (Berlin, 1821).
Hoppe (footnote 13) states that Erman's book was published in May;
however, it is referred to in a letter dated April 3, 1821, by RASCHIG,
_Annalen der Physik_ (1821), vol. 67, pp. 427-436.
[18] Op. cit. (footnote 16), vol. 32, pp. 38-50.
[19] _Annalen der Physik_ (1821), vol. 67, pp. 382-426, and footnote on
pages 429-430 of same volume. The footnote accompanies the article by
Raschig mentioned in footnote 17.
[20] H. C. OERSTED, "Sur le Multiplier electro-magnetique de M.
Schweigger, et sur quelques applications qu'on en a faites," _Annales de
Chimie et de Physique_ (1823), vol. 22, pp. 358-365.
[21] "Versuche mit dem electrisch-magnetischen Multiplicator," _Annalen
der Physik_ (1821), vol. 67, pp. 427-436.
[22] _Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society_ (1821), vol.
1, pp. 269-278.
[23] Op. cit. (footnote 8).
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