The Early History of English Poor ReliefLeonard, E. M., of Girton College
History
The Early History of English Poor Relief
Leonard, E. M., of Girton College
Poor laws -- Great Britain -- History
[214] There is a statement of the accounts of St John's, Walbrook,
between Sept. 10th, 1572 and Sept. 11th, 1573. From this we learn that
the collectors received £16. 17_s._ 5_d._, and that £1. 6_s._ 8_d._ was
lacking of the assessed sum. £5. 3_s._ 4_d._ had been paid to the poor
of the parish, £9. 15_s._ 9_d._ to the Treasurer of Christ's Hospital,
while the collectors owed the remaining 18_s._ 4_d._ _Cal. of State
Papers_, Addenda, Sept. 11th, 1573. So far as this parish is concerned
therefore the amount paid to the central authorities was much greater
than that distributed in local pensions.
The City rulers also attempted to deal with the poor all over London
by an organisation founded upon a series of orders or articles for the
poor. In 1576 a set of regulations was issued dealing with the duties
of "the parish," of the "constables" and of "surveyors" with regard
to vagrants. The parishioners were to choose a surveyor every Sunday
who was to attend every night for a week and help the constable in the
search for sturdy beggars. Every fortnight at least the constable,
beadle and churchwardens were to visit the houses of all the poor
people in their districts and were to order any of the new arrivals who
were unable to support themselves without burdening the parish to be
sent away[215]. These commands only concerned vagrants and new comers
and are of far less importance than the regulations of 1579.
[215] _Journals_, Vol. XX., No. 2, f. 323.
In that year orders were issued which if carried out would have
provided methods for dealing with all classes of the poor and, but for
the Elizabethan phrases and Elizabethan whippings, we should be much
more inclined to think that they were passed by a London County Council
in 1899, than by the Corporation of the City in 1579. In August of that
year the Common Council resolved that "an Acte for the poore" should be
drawn up and considered, and a few days later the book was read to the
Council and "established as a lawe[216]."
[216] _Ib._ f. 498, 499 b, Aug. 4th, 1579. These orders have been
printed, and are often dated 1587. But they were first established in
1579 under the title of "Orders appointed to be executed in the Cittie
of London for setting roges and idle persons to worke and for releefe
of the poor."
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