The early history of the HebrewsSayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
History
The early history of the Hebrews
Sayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
Bible. Old Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.; Jews -- History -- To 953 B.C.
The capture of Hebron is said to have taken place five years after the
passage of the Jordan (Josh. xiv. 10). At any rate, it was before the
death of Joshua (notwithstanding Judg. i. 1, 10). It was after that
event, however, that the further conquests of the Kenizzites were made.
Somewhere near Hebron, but higher in ‘the mountains,’ was the
Canaanitish city of Debir. Debir signified the ‘Sanctuary’; and it was
here, as in Babylonia and Assyria, that a great library of books was
stored in one of the chambers of the temple. Like the Babylonian cities,
moreover, Debir had more than one name. It was also called
Kirjath-Sannah, ‘the city of Instruction,’ from the schools which
gathered round its library,[274] and in the Old Testament it is further
known as Kirjath-Sepher or ‘Booktown.’ In _The Travels of the Mohar_,
however, a satirical account of a tourist’s adventures in Palestine,
which was written by an Egyptian in the reign of Ramses II., it is
termed Beth-Sopher, ‘the house of the scribe,’ and is coupled with
Kirjath-Anab. It is plain, therefore, that the Massoretic punctuation
Sepher ‘book’ is erroneous, and must be corrected to Sopher or ‘scribe.’
Whether Kirjath, ‘city,’ should also be corrected into Beth, ‘house’ or
‘temple,’ is more doubtful. _Beth_ would be the more appropriate term in
the case of a town which possessed a sanctuary, and it may be that the
word Kirjath has been derived from the neighbouring town of [Kirjath-]
Anab, which is called simply Anab in Josh. xv. 50. But it is also
possible that the Egyptian writer has made a mistake, and has
interchanged the words ‘city’ and ‘house,’ the true names of the two
cities having been Kirjath-Sopher and Beth-Anab.[275]
However this may be, Caleb promised his daughter Achsah as a reward to
the conqueror of Debir. The prize was won by his ‘younger brother’
Othniel, and the Canaanitish city was so completely destroyed that its
very site is still unknown. Its library perished in the ruins, though
the clay tablets with which it was doubtless filled must still be lying
beneath the soil, awaiting the discoverer who shall with their aid
reconstruct the ancient history of southern Canaan. Hebron was more
fortunate. The city was spared after its capture, and became the chief
seat of the Kenizzites, and subsequently, when the Kenizzites were
merged in Judah, the capital of Judah itself.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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