[78] "Arcem quam in occidentali Sabrinæ fluminis plaga, in loco qui Bricge dicitur lingua Saxonica, Ægelfleda Merciorum domina quondam construxerat, fratre suo Edwardo seniore regnante, Comes Rodbertus contra regem Henricum, muro lato et alto, summoque restaurare coepit." 1101. [79] A good deal has been made of the name Oldbury, as pointing to the _old burh_; but Oldbury is the name of the manor, not of the hillock, which bears the singular name of Pampudding Hill. Tradition says that the Parliamentary forces used it for their guns in 1646. Eyton's _Shropshire_, i., 132. [80] "Bricge cum exercitu pene totius Angliæ obsedit, machinas quoque ibi construere et castellum firmare præcepit." _Florence_, 1102. [81] Florence in fact says _urbem restauravit_. [82] D. B., i., 246. [83] These buildings formed part of a hunting lodge built in the reign of Edward III., called The Chamber in the Forest. See Ormerod's _Cheshire_, ii., 3. When visiting Eddisbury several years ago, the writer noticed several Perpendicular buttresses in these ruins. [84] D. B., i., 238a, 1. [85] "Abbas de Couentreu habet 36 masuras, et 4 sunt wastæ propter situm castelli.... Hae masurae pertinent ad terras quas ipsi barones tenent extra burgum, et ibi appreciatae sunt." D. B., i., 238. [86] _Domesday Book and Beyond_, p. 189. See Appendix D. [87] Dugdale's _Warwickshire_, 1st edition, pp. 50 and 75. The derivation of Kirby from Cyricbyrig is not according to etymological rules, but there can be no doubt about it as a fact; for in Domesday it is stated that _Chircheberie_ was held by Geoffrey de Wirche, and that the monks of St Nicholas [at Angers] had two carucates in the manor. In the charter in which Geoffrey de Wirche makes this gift Chircheberie is called Kirkeberia [_M. A._, vi., 996], but in the subsequent charter of Roger de Mowbray, confirming the gift, it is called Kirkeby. [88] _Britannia_, ii., 375. [89] _Numismatic Chronicle_, 3rd S., xiii., 220. [90] Fowler's _History of Runcorn_ gives a plan of this fort, and there is another in Hanshall's _History of Cheshire_, p. 418 (1817). A very different one is given in Beaumont's _History of Halton_. [91] Beaumont's _Records of the Honour of Halton_. In 1368, John Hank received the surrender of a house near to the castle in Runcorn. [92] _Mediæval Military Architecture_, ii., 120. [93] _Essex Naturalist_, January 1887. [94] Danbury Camp, which has also been surveyed by Mr Spurrell (_Essex Naturalist_, 1890), is precisely similar in plan to Witham, but nothing is known of its history. [95] See _Victoria History of Bedfordshire_, i., 281. [96] Morant's _History of Essex_, i. Three sides of the rampart were visible in his time. [97] D. B., ii., 5. [98] _Itin._, i., 12. [99] Baker's _History of Northampton_, ii., 321. [100] D. B., i., 219b. [101] _A.-S. C._, 921. "Wrohte tha burg æt Tofeceastre mid stan wealle." Florence says 918.