[217] _Cal. of Patent Rolls_, 1232-1247, p. 340. Mandate to provost of Oléron to let Frank De Brene have tools to make a new motte in the isle of Rhé. Later the masters and crews of the king's galleys are ordered to help in building the motte and the wooden castle. P. 343. [218] _Antiquitates Italicæ_, ii., 504. Can Grande's motte at Padua. Anno 1320. "Dominus Alternerius [podesta of Padua] ... cum maxima quantitate peditum et balistariorum Civitatis Paduæ, iverunt die predicto summo mane per viam Pontis Corvi versus quamdam motam magnam, quam faciebat facere Dominus Canis, cum multis fossis et tajatis ad claudendum Paduanos, ne exirent per illam partem, et volendo ibidem super illam motam ædificare castrum. Tunc prædictus Potestas cum aliis nominatis splanare incoeperunt, et difecerunt dictam motam cum tajatis et fossa magna." We may remark here that as early as the 17th century the learned Muratori protested against the equation of _mota_ and _fossatum_, and laughed at Spelman for making this translation of _mota_ in his _Glossary_. _Antiquitates Italicæ_, ii., 504. [219] Cited by Westropp, _Journal of R.S.A., Ireland_, 1904. [220] Vicars' _Parliamentary Chronicle_, cited by Hunter, _South Yorks_, ii., 235. [221] "Camps on the Malvern Hills," _Journ. Anthrop. Inst._, x., 319. [222] M. de Salies has traced in detail the connection between Fulk Nerra's castles and the Roman roads of Anjou and Touraine. [223] See some excellent remarks on this subject in Mr W. St John Hope's paper on "English Fortresses" in _Arch. Journ._, lx., 72-90. [224] Only a very small number of mottes have as yet been excavated. Wells were found at Almondbury, Berkeley, Berkhampstead, Carisbrook, Conisborough, Kenilworth, Northallerton, Norwich, Pontefract, Oxford, Tunbridge, Worcester, and York. At Caus, there is a well in the ditch between the motte and the bailey. Frequently there is a second well in the bailey. [225] The writer at one time thought that the ruins at the east end of the castle of Pontefract concealed a second motte, but wishes now to recant this opinion. _Eng. Hist. Review_, xix., 419. [226] Thus Henry I. erected a siege castle to watch Bridgenorth (probably Pampudding Hill), and then went off to besiege another castle. Mr Orpen kindly informs me that the camp from which Philip Augustus besieged Château Gaillard contains a motte. Outside Pickering, Corfe, and Exeter there are earthworks which have probably been siege castles. [227] Henry II. built a castle and very fine borough (burgum pergrande) at Beauvoir in Maine. _Robert of Torigny_, R.S., p. 243. Minute regulations concerning the founding of the borough of Overton are given in _Close Rolls_, Edward I. (1288-1296), p. 285. [228] See Round, _Studies in Domesday_, pp. 125, 126.