This is Richard’s second and last appearance on English soil as king. He staid only from March 13 to May 12, 1194, but he did a great deal of business. As soon as Nottingham had surrendered he called a great council there, and for three days acted as chief judge, financier and politician; taxing his friends, condemning his enemies, and concocting new plans for the security and quiet administration of the realm. By selling sheriffdoms, exacting fines and enacting taxes, he raised money to begin hostilities with Philip at once. He punished the enemies of Longchamp and the friends of John, especially his chief minister, Hugh of Nunant, Bishop of Coventry, who had as bishop and as sheriff offended the laws secular and ecclesiastical. But he showed himself by no means implacable; and, before he left, he had reconciled not only Archbishop Geoffrey and the Chancellor, but almost all the other jealous and divided parties. In accordance with the recommendation of his council, before he left England, he wore his crown in solemn state at Winchester; and, having done fairly well all that he had undertaken, showing that his pride, dignity and energy had undergone no diminution by his captivity, he sailed to Barfleur on the 12th of May, and England saw his face no more, heavily as from time to time she felt the pressure of his hand. [Sidenote: Government of Hubert Walter. ] From this time all Richard’s personal history is unconnected with England. From 1194 to 1198 the kingdom was governed by Hubert Walter, the Archbishop of Canterbury, who, like Longchamp, was both legate and justiciar; Longchamp retained the title and emoluments of chancellor, but did not come to England. The history of these years is simply a record of judicial and financial measures taken on the lines and inspired by the motives of Henry the Second’s policy. Hubert had been his secretary, and, being the nephew of Ranulf Glanvill, he had been fitted by education to be a sound lawyer and financier, as well as a good bishop and a successful general. He was a strong minister; and although as a good Englishman he made the pressure of his master’s hand lie as lightly as he could upon the people, as a good servant he tried to get out of the people as much treasure as he could for his master. In the raising of the money and in the administration of justice he tried and did much to train the people to habits of self-government. He taught them how to assess their taxes by jury, to elect the grand jury for the assizes of the judges, to choose representative knights to transact legal and judicial work;--such representative knights as at a later time made convenient precedents for parliamentary representation. The whole working of elective and representative institutions gained greatly under his management--he educated the people against the better time to come. But he collected vast sums--eleven hundred thousand pounds, it was said, in four years--beyond the ordinary revenue. He