_a a._ The portico. _b._ The Ephebeum, the room of the Ephebi or youths, _c._ The Apodyterium and Gymnasterium. _d._ The Elaiothesium, or anointing room. _e._ The Konisterium, or dusting room. _f f._ The hot baths. _g._ The stove or Laconicum. _h._ The cold bath. _i._ The Peristylium or Piazza, which includes the Sphæristerium, and Palestra. _k k._ Xysti. _l l._ Xysticus silvis. _m._ The Stadium.] [Illustration: PLAN OF THE ROMAN THERMÆ, FROM A DRAWING TAKEN FROM THE WALLS OF THE BATHS OF TITUS. (Page 22.) _a._ The Frigidarium, or cool room. _b._ The Tepidarium, or room of middle temperature. _c._ The Calidarium, sudatorium, or concamerata sudatio; around this apartment are seen several ranges of platforms of marble. _d._ A vaulted stove, covered by an arched cover, _clipeus_: this stove gave additional heat to the part of the room wherein it was situated, and constituted the Laconicum. _e._ The Lavatorium or Balneum; there are marble platforms in this apartment, and in its centre is an open bath, called, from its large everted lip upon which the bather sat, _labrum_. _g g._ The Hypocaustum. _h._ The room in which the water is stored and heated. In the uppermost vase the water is cold, as is indicated by the absence of fire beneath it. In the second vase the water is warm, being placed at a considerable height above the fire. In the lowest vase the water is hot. _i._ The Elaiothesium, or anointing room, from which the bather passes to the Vestiarium or Spoliatorium.] [Illustration: THE HYPOCAUSTUM OF THE ROMAN BATH AT CHESTER. (Page 31.) In the foreground are seen three of the short pillars or _pilæ_, with square shafts and expanded heads and bases. Between these more distant pilæ are visible, seemingly arranged in rows. The floor on which the burning embers lay is uneven; while the roof, which is the under part of the floor of the bath, exhibits evidences of the corroding action of the fire. The Hypocaustum, in the Roman Thermæ, occupied the whole of the under surface of the Calidarium, and the ruins bear evidence of the use of fires of prodigious extent.] [Illustration: MR. GEORGE WITT'S BATH; THE CALIDARIUM. (Page 53.)