The tower (Fig. 171), which is of Norman architecture, is placed at the west end of the church (Fig. 172). It is built in three unequal tapering stages, and without buttresses, to a height of about 75 feet to the ridge. The two stories above the church roof have small square-lintelled windows, but in the belfry stage double windows are introduced (Fig. 173). Both lights are contained within a plain square-edged round arch, without imposts, and the two lights, which have plain round arches, are separated by a central shaft with cushion cap. The crow-stepped gablets of the saddle-backed roof are probably of later date, but they, no doubt, indicate the original style of finishing the tower. The turret stair, shown on plan (see Fig. 172) stops about half-way up, access above being obtained by wooden ladders. The elaborately-carved and pointed archway (Fig. 174), opening from the tower into the church, is a most noteworthy [Illustration: FIG. 173.--St. Serf’s, Dunning. South-East View of Tower.] [Illustration: FIG. 174.--St. Serf’s, Dunning. Archway in Tower.] [Illustration: FIG. 175.--St. Serf’s, Dunning. Plan of Tower and Detail of Archway.] feature, and was quite concealed from view till disclosed during the course of some recent repairs. Figs. 175, 176, and 177 show the details of this archway. [Illustration: FIG. 176.--St. Serf’s, Dunning. Details of Arch.] Considerable portions of the old church still remain. The building, [Illustration: FIG. 177.--St. Serf’s, Dunning. Apex of Archway.] as it now stands, is 68 feet long by 25 feet wide on the outside at the east end, and 26 feet 9 inches at the west end. The total length, including the tower, is 82 feet, the height of which to the ridge is 75 feet. The church has been greatly altered at various times; an aisle has been added on the north side, and the ancient north doorway (Fig. 178) has been disfigured and almost concealed by an outside staircase being built across it. The west gable wall of the church, however, and a good part of the north wall and the east wall are original. The ancient corbels at the north parapet still survive (see Fig. 178), and the raggle of the original roof is seen against the east side of the tower (see Fig. 173). It is thus quite evident that the existing building is in great part on the site of the _Ecclesia_ [Illustration: FIG. 178.--St. Serf’s, Dunning. Doorway, &c., on North Side.] _sancti servani de Dunnyne_. There appears to have been a chancel, as Mr. Thomson informs us that during alterations about twenty-five years ago the bases of the pillars were found _in situ_. CRUGGLETON CHURCH, WIGTONSHIRE. The parish of Cruggleton now forms part of the parish of Sorbie, with which it was united in the seventeenth century. The old church of Cruggleton is situated near the coast about three miles from Garleston, [Illustration: FIG. 179.--Cruggleton Church. Chancel Arch, from West.]